Zhao R P, Wang W Z, Cheng G P, Zhang H J, Zhou F M, Li Y Y, Wu C, Yang L Q, Zeng G
Department of Nutrition Food Hygiene and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Jun 6;51(6):551-555. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.06.018.
To investigate the comprehensive nutritional status and diet behavior of middle aged and elderly women with osteoporosis, and thereby to explore the relationship between diet behavior and comprehensive nutritional status. 311 middle-aged and elderly women with osteoporosis in Chengdu were included in this study. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was applied to assess their comprehensive nutritional status. Information of social-demographic characteristics and diet behavior (about meals, snacks and water drinking, etc.) of the subjects was collected by questionnaire. Chi square test was used to assess the differences in nutritional status among patients who have different eating behaviors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between diet behaviors and comprehensive nutritional status. The mean MNA score of subjects was 25.8±2.5. 20.3% (63/311) of the subjets were at risk of potential malnutrition, but there was no malnourished subjects found. 46.9% (46/311) of the subjects were in good appetite. 95.2% (296/311) of them had a fixed food intake each meal. 65.8% (198/311) of them had snacks every day, and the most common choice was fruit (86.4% (248/287)). 54.8% (165/311) of them had initiative drinking water habits, and the most common choice was plain boiled water (79.9%, 246/308). 76.5% (238/311) of them had daily portable water less than 1 500 ml. After adjusting the effects of age, occupation and education level, bad appetite (3.50, 95% 1.18-10.62), unfixed food intake (7.27, 95% 1.40-35.83), and seldom or never intake of snack (3.71, 95% 1.42-9.72) were risk factors for malnutrition risk, while tea drinking was protective factor(0.31, 95% 0.11-0.93). Risk of potential malnutrition and unhealthy diet behavior among the middle aged and elderly women with osteoporosis should be paid more attention. Unhealtghy diet behavior has a negative effect on their comprehensive nutritional status.
调查骨质疏松症中老年女性的综合营养状况和饮食行为，进而探讨饮食行为与综合营养状况之间的关系。本研究纳入了成都的311名患有骨质疏松症的中老年女性。采用微型营养评定法（MNA）评估她们的综合营养状况。通过问卷调查收集受试者的社会人口学特征和饮食行为（关于正餐、零食和饮水等）信息。采用卡方检验评估不同饮食行为患者营养状况的差异。进行逻辑回归分析以评估饮食行为与综合营养状况之间的关系。受试者的MNA平均得分为25.8±2.5。20.3%（63/311）的受试者存在潜在营养不良风险，但未发现营养不良的受试者。46.9%（46/311）的受试者食欲良好。95.2%（296/311）的受试者每餐有固定的食物摄入量。65.8%（198/311）的受试者每天吃零食，最常选择的是水果（86.4%（248/287））。54.8%（165/311）的受试者有主动饮水习惯，最常选择的是白开水（79.9%，246/308）。76.5%（238/311）的受试者每日便携饮水量少于1500毫升。在调整年龄、职业和教育水平的影响后，食欲不佳（3.50，95% 1.18 - 10.62）、食物摄入量不固定（7.27，95% 1.40 - 35.83）以及很少或从不吃零食（3.71，95% 1.42 - 9.72）是营养不良风险的危险因素，而饮茶是保护因素（0.31，95% 0.11 - 0.93）。应更加关注骨质疏松症中老年女性潜在的营养不良风险和不健康的饮食行为。不健康的饮食行为对她们的综合营养状况有负面影响。
