Wilhelmsen Christine Koteng, Skalleberg Katrine, Raanaas Ruth Kjærsti, Tveite Håvard, Aamodt Geir
Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Landscape and Society, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
Prev Med Rep. 2017 Jun 1;7:99-105. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.05.020. eCollection 2017 Sep.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between green areas and adolescents' body mass index (BMI). This is based on the notion that nature environment is known to have beneficial effects on human health, and that some of the explanation for this is that green areas are especially motivating or suitable as arenas for physical activity. We included 10,527 participants from the Norwegian Youth Study, which was conducted between 2001 and 2004. The participants reported body weight, height, and important potential confounding variables about lifestyle, family situation, and neighbourhood characteristics. Green area was assessed from land cover maps and we calculated the percentage of green areas within 1 km and 5 km buffers around the adolescents' schools. We found that the percentage of overweight and obese adolescents increased significantly when the percentage of green areas in the participants' surrounding increased ( < 0.001 for both outcomes and buffer sizes). The same results were found in logistic regression models where we adjusted for a large set of variables. As an example, the odds for being overweight was 1.38 times higher (95% CI: 1.02-1.85) for participants living in the most green surroundings compared to participants living in the least green surroundings (1 km buffer). Norwegian green areas are typically farmland, woods, and mountains, and we speculate if these areas are less accessible and attractive for adolescents, who might need more facilitated green areas for sport and physical activity.
本研究的目的是调查绿地与青少年体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。这基于这样一种观念，即已知自然环境对人类健康有有益影响，部分原因在于绿地特别能激发人们进行体育活动，或者特别适合作为体育活动的场所。我们纳入了来自挪威青少年研究的10527名参与者，该研究于2001年至2004年进行。参与者报告了体重、身高以及关于生活方式、家庭状况和邻里特征等重要的潜在混杂变量。根据土地覆盖图评估绿地情况，我们计算了青少年学校周围1公里和5公里缓冲区内绿地的百分比。我们发现，参与者周围绿地百分比增加时，超重和肥胖青少年的百分比显著上升（两种结果和缓冲区大小的P值均<0.001）。在对大量变量进行调整的逻辑回归模型中也发现了相同的结果。例如，与居住在绿地最少环境中的参与者（1公里缓冲区）相比，居住在绿地最多环境中的参与者超重的几率高出1.38倍（95%置信区间：1.02 - 1.85）。挪威的绿地通常是农田、树林和山脉，我们推测这些区域对青少年来说不太容易到达且缺乏吸引力，而青少年可能需要更便利的绿地来进行运动和体育活动。
