Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9510, USA.
Metallomics. 2017 Jul 19;9(7):824-839. doi: 10.1039/c7mt00111h.
Bacteria often produce siderophores to facilitate iron uptake. One of the most studied siderophores is enterobactin, the macrolactone trimer of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl-l-serine, produced by E. coli and many other enteric bacteria. Other siderophores are variants of enterobactin, with structural modifications including expansion of the tri-serine core to a tetra-serine macrolactone, substitution of l-serine with l-threonine, insertion of amino acids (i.e., Gly, l-Ala, d-Lys, d- and l-Arg, l-Orn), catechol glucosylation, and linearization of the tri-serine macrolactone core. In this review we summarize the current understanding of the biosyntheses of these enterobactin variants, placing them in contrast with the well-established biosynthesis of enterobactin.
细菌通常会产生铁载体来促进铁的摄取。其中研究最多的铁载体是肠菌素，这是由大肠杆菌和许多其他肠道细菌产生的 2,3-二羟基苯甲酰-l-丝氨酸的大环三聚物。其他铁载体是肠菌素的变体，其结构修饰包括将三丝氨酸核心扩展为四丝氨酸大环内酯、用 l-苏氨酸替代 l-丝氨酸、插入氨基酸（即 Gly、l-Ala、d-Lys、d-和 l-Arg、l-Orn）、儿茶酚葡萄糖苷化以及三丝氨酸大环内酯核心的线性化。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前对这些肠菌素变体生物合成的理解，将它们与已建立的肠菌素生物合成进行对比。
