Murray R M, Lewis S W, Reveley A M
Lancet. 1985 May 4;1(8436):1023-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(85)91623-x.
The genetic contribution to schizophrenia is widely accepted, yet none of the proposed models of transmission has been convincing. Schizophrenia is generally viewed as aetiologically homogeneous with the exception of supposedly rare "phenocopies" associated with organic brain lesions and without a family history. However, up to one-third of schizophrenics have enlarged cerebral ventricles, and this appears to be a consequence of environmental damage. Although the aetiology of schizophrenia comprises genetic and environmental components acting in variable proportions, a simple division into familial and sporadic cases would facilitate research. Families with several ill members will be most valuable for molecular genetic studies, while the new brain imaging techniques should be particularly directed towards sporadic cases.
精神分裂症的遗传因素已被广泛接受，但目前提出的任何一种遗传传递模型都不具有说服力。除了与器质性脑损伤相关且无家族病史的罕见“表型模拟”情况外，精神分裂症通常被认为在病因上是同质的。然而，高达三分之一的精神分裂症患者脑室扩大，这似乎是环境损害的结果。虽然精神分裂症的病因包括遗传和环境因素，且二者所占比例各不相同，但简单地将病例分为家族性和散发性将有助于研究。有多名患病成员的家族对分子遗传学研究最为有价值，而新的脑成像技术应特别针对散发性病例。
