Shao Qian-Hang, Zhang Xiao-Ling, Yang Peng-Fei, Yuan Yu-He, Chen Nai-Hong
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2017 Aug;49:155-160. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.05.027. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
Neuroinflammation has been shown as an essential factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis. Furthermore, activated microglia and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines are the major hallmarks in neurodegenerative diseases. A multimolecular complex named as inflammasome is involved in the process of inflammatory response, which can activate inflammatory caspases, leading to the cleavage and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and finally generates a potent inflammatory response. In neurodegenerative diseases, it has been widely assumed that some types of amyloid proteins might be the triggers to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this review, we summarize the current researches about the role of NLRP3 inflammasome, by reviewing the main studies in vitro and in vivo experiments and discuss the potential for new therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases.
神经炎症已被证明是神经退行性疾病发病机制中的一个重要因素，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、亨廷顿舞蹈症和多发性硬化症。此外，活化的小胶质细胞和促炎细胞因子增加是神经退行性疾病的主要特征。一种名为炎性小体的多分子复合物参与炎症反应过程，它可以激活炎性半胱天冬酶，导致炎性细胞因子的切割和分泌，最终产生强烈的炎症反应。在神经退行性疾病中，人们普遍认为某些类型的淀粉样蛋白可能是激活NLRP3炎性小体的触发因素。在这篇综述中，我们通过回顾体外和体内实验的主要研究，总结了目前关于NLRP3炎性小体作用的研究，并讨论了神经退行性疾病新治疗干预措施的潜力。
