National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Science. 2017 Jun 16;356(6343):1172-1175. doi: 10.1126/science.aam9970. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi facilitate plant uptake of mineral nutrients and draw organic nutrients from the plant. Organic nutrients are thought to be supplied primarily in the form of sugars. Here we show that the AM fungus is a fatty acid auxotroph and that fatty acids synthesized in the host plants are transferred to the fungus to sustain mycorrhizal colonization. The transfer is dependent on RAM2 (REQUIRED FOR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZATION 2) and the ATP binding cassette transporter-mediated plant lipid export pathway. We further show that plant fatty acids can be transferred to the pathogenic fungus and are required for colonization by pathogens. We suggest that the mutualistic mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungi similarly recruit the fatty acid biosynthesis program to facilitate host invasion.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌促进植物对矿物质养分的吸收，并从植物中提取有机养分。有机养分被认为主要以糖的形式供应。在这里，我们表明 AM 真菌是脂肪酸营养缺陷型，并且在宿主植物中合成的脂肪酸被转移到真菌中以维持菌根定殖。这种转移依赖于 RAM2（丛枝菌根必需 2）和 ATP 结合盒转运蛋白介导的植物脂质外排途径。我们进一步表明，植物脂肪酸可以被转移到致病真菌中，并被致病真菌定殖所必需。我们认为，共生菌根真菌和病原菌类似地招募脂肪酸生物合成程序来促进宿主入侵。
