低收入和中等收入国家心理健康在线干预措施的系统评价：一个被忽视的领域。
A systematic review of online interventions for mental health in low and middle income countries: a neglected field.
作者信息
Arjadi R, Nauta M H, Chowdhary N, Bockting C L H
机构信息
Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands.
International Medical Corps, 1313 L St. NW, Washington, DC, USA.
出版信息
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2015 Jul 14;2:e12. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2015.10. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Low and middle income countries (LMICs) are facing an increase of the impact of mental health problems while confronted with limited resources and limited access to mental health care, known as the 'mental health gap'. One strategy to reduce the mental health gap would be to utilize the internet to provide more widely-distributed and low cost mental health care. We undertook this systematic review to investigate the effectiveness and efficacy of online interventions in LMICs.
METHODS
We systematically searched the data-bases PubMed, PsycINFO, JMIR, and additional sources. MeSH terms, Thesaurus, and free text keywords were used. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of online interventions in LMICs.
RESULTS
We found only three articles reported results of RCTs on online interventions for mental health conditions in LMICs, but none of these interventions was compared with an active control condition. Also, the mental health conditions were diverse across the three studies.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a dearth of studies examining the effect of online interventions in LMICs, so we cannot draw a firm conclusion on its effectiveness. However, given the effectiveness of online interventions in high income countries and sharp increase of internet access in LMICs, online interventions may offer a potential to help reduce the 'mental health gap'. More studies are urgently needed in LMICs.
背景
低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）在面临有限资源和有限的心理健康护理可及性（即“心理健康差距”）的同时，心理健康问题的影响却在增加。减少心理健康差距的一种策略是利用互联网提供分布更广且成本更低的心理健康护理。我们进行了这项系统评价，以调查低收入和中等收入国家在线干预措施的有效性和功效。
方法
我们系统检索了数据库PubMed、PsycINFO、JMIR以及其他来源。使用了医学主题词、词库和自由文本关键词。我们纳入了所有关于低收入和中等收入国家在线干预措施的随机对照试验（RCTs）。
结果
我们仅发现三篇文章报告了关于低收入和中等收入国家心理健康状况在线干预措施的随机对照试验结果，但这些干预措施均未与积极对照条件进行比较。此外，这三项研究中的心理健康状况各不相同。
结论
缺乏关于低收入和中等收入国家在线干预措施效果的研究，因此我们无法就其有效性得出确凿结论。然而，鉴于在线干预措施在高收入国家的有效性以及低收入和中等收入国家互联网接入的急剧增加，在线干预措施可能提供帮助缩小“心理健康差距”的潜力。低收入和中等收入国家迫切需要更多研究。
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