Coleman-Cowger Victoria H, Schauer Gillian L, Peters Erica N
Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Health Services Department, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017 Aug 1;177:130-135. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.025. Epub 2017 May 24.
Marijuana and tobacco are the most commonly used illicit and licit drugs during pregnancy. This study aimed to examine a nationally representative sample of US pregnant women and to: (1) determine the prevalence of past month marijuana and tobacco co-use, (2) identify characteristics that distinguish marijuana and tobacco co-users from users of marijuana only, tobacco only, or neither, and (3) compare characteristics that differ between pregnant and non-pregnant co-users of marijuana and tobacco.
Data were obtained from 497,218 US women (8721 pregnant) ages 12-49 who participated in the 2005-2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence and demographic and substance use characteristics were compared across groups using weighted estimates and chi-squared tests. Multinomial logistic regression identified demographic and substance use correlates of co-use.
Co-use among pregnant and non-pregnant women was significantly more prevalent than marijuana-only use but was less common than tobacco-only use. In unadjusted frequencies, pregnant co-users significantly differed from non-pregnant co-users across several domains. Among pregnant women, multivariate correlates of co-use of tobacco and marijuana vs. tobacco-only use were ages 12-17, non-Hispanic black race, Hispanic ethnicity, and past month polytobacco, any alcohol, and other drug use (all adjusted odds ratios≥2.0).
In this first examination of the prevalence and correlates of co-use of marijuana and tobacco among a nationally representative group of pregnant women, pregnant co-users were more likely to report other high risk behaviors compared with non-pregnant co-users and users of a single substance, suggesting disparities worthy of further investigation.
大麻和烟草是孕期最常用的非法和合法药物。本研究旨在对美国孕妇进行具有全国代表性的抽样调查，并：（1）确定过去一个月大麻和烟草同时使用的流行率，（2）识别将大麻和烟草同时使用者与仅使用大麻、仅使用烟草或两者都不使用的使用者区分开来的特征，以及（3）比较大麻和烟草同时使用的孕妇与非孕妇使用者之间不同的特征。
数据来自497218名年龄在12 - 49岁的美国女性（8721名孕妇），她们参与了2005 - 2014年全国药物使用和健康调查。使用加权估计和卡方检验比较各群体的流行率、人口统计学和物质使用特征。多项逻辑回归确定了同时使用的人口统计学和物质使用相关因素。
孕妇和非孕妇中同时使用大麻和烟草的情况比仅使用大麻更为普遍，但比仅使用烟草的情况少见。在未经调整的频率中，孕妇同时使用者在几个方面与非孕妇同时使用者存在显著差异。在孕妇中，与仅使用烟草相比，同时使用烟草和大麻的多变量相关因素为年龄12 - 17岁、非西班牙裔黑人种族、西班牙裔族裔，以及过去一个月使用多种烟草、任何酒精和其他药物（所有调整后的比值比≥2.0）。
在对全国代表性孕妇群体中大麻和烟草同时使用的流行率及相关因素进行的首次调查中，与非孕妇同时使用者和单一物质使用者相比，孕妇同时使用者更有可能报告其他高风险行为，这表明存在值得进一步调查的差异。
