Haider Mohammad Rifat, Karim Sabrina, Jayawardhana Jayani, Hansen Nathan B, Haile Zelalem T
Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Am J Addict. 2025 Jan;34(1):75-84. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13651. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
Despite marijuana's association with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, its use during pregnancy increased over the last two decades. During this period, medical marijuana has been legalized in 38 states and the District of Columbia. States with legalized medical marijuana have observed increased marketing of marijuana and related products. This study aims to examine the association between state-level medical marijuana legalization and marijuana use during pregnancy in the United States.
Using the 2015-2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we evaluated the association between marijuana use in the past month among currently pregnant mothers (N = 4338) and legalized medical marijuana in their state of residence. Survey-weighted descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyzes were performed.
About 5.7% of pregnant women reported using marijuana in the past month, and 59.0% lived in a state where medical marijuana was legalized across 2015-2021. Compared to those living in states without marijuana legalization, more pregnant women living in states with marijuana legalization reported using marijuana (4.6% vs. 6.5%). In the multivariable model, pregnant women residing in states with medical marijuana legalization were more likely to use marijuana than residents of states without legalization (adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.56; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.11-2.18).
This is the first known study to find that pregnant women living in states where medical marijuana is legalized are more likely to use marijuana during pregnancy. Pregnant women should be informed of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes linked to marijuana use during pregnancy.
尽管大麻与不良妊娠及分娩结局相关，但在过去二十年中，孕期使用大麻的情况仍有所增加。在此期间，38个州和哥伦比亚特区已将医用大麻合法化。医用大麻合法化的州出现了大麻及相关产品营销增加的情况。本研究旨在探讨美国州级医用大麻合法化与孕期大麻使用之间的关联。
利用2015 - 2021年全国药物使用和健康调查，我们评估了当前怀孕母亲（N = 4338）过去一个月内大麻使用情况与其居住州医用大麻合法化之间的关联。进行了调查加权描述性、双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。
约5.7%的孕妇报告在过去一个月内使用过大麻，在2015 - 2021年期间，59.0%的孕妇居住在医用大麻合法化的州。与居住在大麻未合法化州的孕妇相比，居住在大麻合法化州的孕妇报告使用大麻的比例更高（4.6%对6.5%）。在多变量模型中，居住在医用大麻合法化州的孕妇比未合法化州的居民更有可能使用大麻（调整后的优势比：1.56；95%置信区间：1.11 - 2.18）。
这是已知的第一项研究，发现居住在医用大麻合法化州的孕妇在孕期更有可能使用大麻。应告知孕妇孕期使用大麻与不良妊娠及分娩结局相关。
