Shakhov A S, Alieva I B
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2017 Jun;82(6):663-677. doi: 10.1134/S0006297917060037.
The centrosome is an intracellular structure of the animal cell responsible for organization of cytoplasmic microtubules. According to modern concepts, the centrosome is a very important integral element of the living cell whose functions are not limited to its ability to polymerize microtubules. The centrosome localization in the geometric center of the interphase cell, the high concentration of various regulatory proteins in this area, the centrosome-organized radial system of microtubules for intracellular transport by motor proteins, the centrosome involvement in the perception of external signals and their transmission - all these features make this cellular structure a unique regulation and distribution center managing dynamic morphology of the animal cell. In conjunction with the tissue-specific features of the centrosome structure, this suggests the direct involvement of the centrosome in execution of cell functions. This review discusses the involvement of the centrosome in the vital activity of endothelial cells, as well as its possible participation in the implementation of barrier function, the major function of endothelium.
中心体是动物细胞中的一种细胞内结构，负责细胞质微管的组织。根据现代概念，中心体是活细胞非常重要的一个整体元件，其功能不仅限于聚合微管的能力。中心体定位于间期细胞的几何中心，该区域各种调节蛋白的高浓度，由中心体组织的微管径向系统用于由驱动蛋白进行细胞内运输，中心体参与外部信号的感知及其传递——所有这些特征使这种细胞结构成为管理动物细胞动态形态的独特调节和分布中心。结合中心体结构的组织特异性特征，这表明中心体直接参与细胞功能的执行。本综述讨论了中心体在内皮细胞生命活动中的作用，以及其可能参与屏障功能（内皮的主要功能）的实现。
