Jiménez Zaida, Sánchez-Conde Matilde, Brañas Fátima
Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2018 Mar-Apr;53(2):105-110. doi: 10.1016/j.regg.2017.04.007.
The HIV-infected population is aging due to the success of combination antiretroviral therapy, which prolongs survival, as well as the growing number of newly diagnosed cases in adults 50 years old and over. HIV-infected individuals suffer from an accelerated aging due to the persistent and chronic activation of the immune system that leads to immune exhaustion and accelerated immunosenescence, even when on optimal immuno-virological control treatment. The clinical expression of the immunosenescence state is an increased prevalence of aging-related non-HIV associated comorbidities and a rising prevalence of frailty occurring earlier than in the general population. Thus, HIV-infected patients are biologically older than their chronological age, and they suffer from aging-related problems, such as frailty, which should be assessed.
由于联合抗逆转录病毒疗法的成功（该疗法延长了生存期）以及50岁及以上成年人中新诊断病例数量的增加，感染艾滋病毒的人群正在老龄化。即使接受了最佳的免疫病毒学控制治疗，感染艾滋病毒的个体仍会因免疫系统的持续慢性激活而加速衰老，这会导致免疫耗竭和免疫衰老加速。免疫衰老状态的临床表现在于与衰老相关的非艾滋病毒合并症的患病率增加，以及比普通人群更早出现的虚弱患病率上升。因此，感染艾滋病毒的患者生理年龄比实际年龄更大，他们会出现与衰老相关问题，如虚弱，对此应进行评估。
