Hajek André, König Hans-Helmut
Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Obes Facts. 2017;10(3):252-260. doi: 10.1159/000471486. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
We aimed at determining the effect of BMI on functional health among older Germans longitudinally.
Data from four waves (2002-2014) of the German Ageing Survey ('Deutscher Alterssurvey'; DEAS), a representative sample of community-dwelling individuals aged 40 years and above, were used. Functional health was quantified by the subscale 'physical functioning' of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Fixed effects regressions were used to estimate the predictors of functional health. Linear, quadratic, and cubic terms were included for BMI (self-reported).
Fixed effects regressions showed significant linear, quadratic, and cubic effects of BMI on functional health in the total sample and in both sexes. Furthermore, regressions revealed that functional health decreased with increasing age in the total sample and in both sexes. In addition, changes in marital and employment status were significantly associated with changes in functional health in men, but not in women.
Our data indicate that the greater the extreme of BMI (either higher or lower), the greater the risk for functional decline. Nutrition programs aimed at preventing changes to extreme BMI might be productive.
我们旨在纵向确定体重指数（BMI）对德国老年人功能健康的影响。
使用了德国老龄化调查（“Deutscher Alterssurvey”；DEAS）四轮（2002 - 2014年）的数据，该调查是40岁及以上社区居住个体的代表性样本。功能健康通过36项简短健康调查问卷（SF - 36）的“身体功能”子量表进行量化。使用固定效应回归来估计功能健康的预测因素。BMI（自我报告）纳入了线性、二次和三次项。
固定效应回归显示，在总样本和男女两性中，BMI对功能健康均有显著的线性、二次和三次效应。此外，回归显示，在总样本和男女两性中，功能健康随年龄增长而下降。此外，婚姻和就业状况的变化与男性功能健康的变化显著相关，但与女性无关。
我们的数据表明，BMI越极端（无论是更高还是更低），功能下降的风险就越大。旨在防止BMI变为极端值的营养计划可能会有成效。
