Lee Geon Woo, Lee Yong Jin, Kim Youngeun, Hong Seung-Han, Kim Soohwaun, Kim Jeong Soo, Lee Jong Tae, Shin Dong Chun, Lim Youngwook
Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea.
Environ Health Toxicol. 2017 May 26;32:e2017010. doi: 10.5620/eht.e2017010. eCollection 2017.
Traffic-related pollutants have been reported to increase the morbidity of respiratory diseases. In order to apply management policies related to motor vehicles, studies of the floating population living in cities are important. The rate of metro rail transit system use by passengers residing in Seoul is about 54% of total public transportation use. Through the rate of metro use, the people-flow ratios in each administrative area were calculated. By applying a people-flow ratio based on the official census count, the floating population in 25 regions was calculated. The reduced level of deaths among the floating population in 14 regions having the roadside monitoring station was calculated as assuming a 20% reduction of mobile emission based on the policy. The hourly floating population size was calculated by applying the hourly population ratio to the regional population size as specified in the official census count. The number of people moving from 5 a.m. to next day 1 a.m. could not be precisely calculated when the population size was applied, but no issue was observed that would trigger a sizable shift in the rate of population change. The three patterns of increase, decrease, and no change of population in work hours were analyzed. When the concentration of particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter was reduced by 20%, the number of excess deaths varied according to the difference of the floating population. The effective establishment of directions to manage the pollutants in cities should be carried out by considering the floating population. Although the number of people using the metro system is only an estimate, this disadvantage was supplemented by calculating inflow and outflow ratio of metro users per time in the total floating population in each region. Especially, 54% of metro usage in public transport causes high reliability in application.
据报道，与交通相关的污染物会增加呼吸道疾病的发病率。为了实施与机动车相关的管理政策，对城市流动人口进行研究很重要。居住在首尔的乘客使用地铁轨道交通系统的比例约占公共交通总使用量的54%。通过地铁使用率，计算了各行政区的人流比。根据官方人口普查计数应用人流比，计算了25个地区的流动人口。假设根据政策移动排放量减少20%，计算了设有路边监测站的14个地区流动人口中的死亡减少水平。通过将官方人口普查计数中规定的每小时人口比例应用于区域人口规模，计算了每小时的流动人口规模。当应用人口规模时，无法精确计算从凌晨5点到次日凌晨1点的移动人数，但未观察到会引发人口变化率出现大幅变化的问题。分析了工作时间内人口增加、减少和不变的三种模式。当空气动力学直径小于10μm的颗粒物浓度降低20%时，超额死亡人数因流动人口的差异而有所不同。应通过考虑流动人口来有效确立城市污染物管理的方向。虽然使用地铁系统的人数只是一个估计值，但通过计算每个地区总流动人口中地铁用户每次的流入和流出比例，弥补了这一不足。特别是，地铁在公共交通中的使用率为54%，这使得应用具有较高的可靠性。
