Sunyer J, Castellsagué J, Sáez M, Tobias A, Antó J M
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1996 Apr;50 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):s76-80. doi: 10.1136/jech.50.suppl_1.s76.
Studies conducted in Barcelona reported a short term relation between daily air pollutant values and emergency department admissions for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and asthma. Air pollution in Barcelona is mainly generated by vehicle exhaust and is below the World Health Organization air quality guidelines. The acute relation between air pollution and mortality was assessed.
Daily variations in total mortality, mortality in subjects older than 70 years, and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality were related with daily variations in air pollutants for the period 1985-91, using autoregressive Poisson regression models that allow to control for temperature, relative humidity and variables handling temporal and autoregressive patterns.
Black smoke and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were related to total mortality (relative risks (RR) for 100 micrograms/m3 = 1.07 and 1.13 respectively), elderly mortality (RR = 1.06 and 1.13), cardiovascular mortality (RR = 1.09 and 1.14), and respiratory mortality (RR = 1.10 and 1.13); all the associations being statistically significant, except for respiratory mortality (p = 0.07). The association between SO2 and respiratory mortality was stronger in summer (1.24, p < 0.01) than in winter (1.08, p > 0.1). Oxidant pollutants (nitrogen dioxide and ozone) were positively related with elderly mortality (RR = 1.05 and 1.09, respectively) and cardiovascular mortality (RR = 1.07 and 1.09) during the summer (p < 0.05), but not during the winter.
Current air pollutant levels were related to mortality in Barcelona. These results were consistent with similar studies in other cities and coherent with previous studies with emergency room admissions in Barcelona.
在巴塞罗那开展的研究报告了每日空气污染物值与慢性阻塞性肺疾病和哮喘加重导致的急诊科就诊之间的短期关系。巴塞罗那的空气污染主要由汽车尾气产生，且低于世界卫生组织的空气质量指南。评估了空气污染与死亡率之间的急性关系。
使用自回归泊松回归模型，将1985 - 1991年期间总死亡率、70岁以上人群死亡率以及心血管和呼吸系统死亡率的每日变化与空气污染物的每日变化相关联，该模型能够控制温度、相对湿度以及处理时间和自回归模式的变量。
黑烟和二氧化硫（SO₂）与总死亡率（每立方米100微克时的相对风险（RR）分别为1.07和1.13）、老年死亡率（RR = 1.06和1.13）、心血管死亡率（RR = 1.09和1.14）以及呼吸系统死亡率（RR = 1.10和1.13）相关；除呼吸系统死亡率外（p = 0.07），所有关联均具有统计学意义。SO₂与呼吸系统死亡率之间的关联在夏季（1.24，p < 0.01）比冬季（1.08，p > 0.1）更强。夏季期间，氧化污染物（二氧化氮和臭氧）与老年死亡率（RR分别为1.05和1.09）和心血管死亡率（RR = 1.07和1.09）呈正相关（p < 0.05），但冬季无此关联。
巴塞罗那当前的空气污染物水平与死亡率相关。这些结果与其他城市的类似研究一致，并且与之前巴塞罗那急诊科就诊情况的研究相符。
