Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2017 Apr;20:7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
Vector-borne pathogens have been shown to influence behavioral and other traits of their hosts and vectors across multiple systems, frequently in ways that enhance transmission. In malaria pathosystems, Plasmodium parasites have been reported to alter mosquito physiology, fitness and host-seeking behavior. Such effects on vector behavior have obvious medical relevance given their potential to influence disease transmission. However, most studies detailing these effects have faced methodological limitations, including experiments limited to laboratory settings with model vector/pathogen systems. Some recent studies indicate that similar effects may not be observed with natural field populations; furthermore, it has been suggested that previously reported effects on vectors might be explained by immune responses elicited due to the use of pathogen-vector systems that are not co-evolved. In light of these developments, further work is needed to determine the validity of extrapolation from laboratory studies to field conditions and to understand how parasite effects on vectors affect transmission dynamics in real-world settings.
已证实，病原体通过多种系统影响宿主和病媒的行为和其他特征，通常以增强传播的方式。在疟疾发病系统中，已报告疟原虫会改变蚊子的生理机能、适应能力和宿主寻找行为。鉴于这些影响有可能影响疾病传播，因此它们对病媒行为的影响具有明显的医学相关性。然而，大多数详细说明这些影响的研究都面临方法学上的限制，包括仅限于使用模型病媒/病原体系统的实验室环境进行的实验。一些最近的研究表明，在自然野外种群中可能观察不到类似的影响；此外，有人认为，以前报告的对病媒的影响可能是由于使用未共同进化的病原体-病媒系统而引起的免疫反应所解释的。鉴于这些发展，需要进一步的工作来确定从实验室研究推断到野外条件的有效性，并了解寄生虫对病媒的影响如何影响现实环境中的传播动态。
