Ruocco Nadia, Costantini Susan, Palumbo Flora, Costantini Maria
Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
Mar Drugs. 2017 Jun 12;15(6):173. doi: 10.3390/md15060173.
Enzymes play key roles in different cellular processes, for example, in signal transduction, cell differentiation and proliferation, metabolic processes, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and response to stress. A deregulation of enzymes has been considered one of the first causes of several diseases, including cancers. In the last several years, enzyme inhibitors, being good candidates as drugs in the pathogenic processes, have received an increasing amount of attention for their potential application in pharmacology. The marine environment is considered a challenging source of enzyme inhibitors for pharmacological applications. In this review, we report on secondary metabolites with enzyme inhibitory activity, focusing our attention on marine sponges and bacteria as promising sources. In the case of sponges, we only reported the kinase inhibitors, because this class was the most representative isolated so far from these marine organisms.
酶在不同的细胞过程中发挥着关键作用，例如在信号转导、细胞分化与增殖、代谢过程、DNA损伤修复、细胞凋亡以及应激反应中。酶的失调被认为是包括癌症在内的多种疾病的首要病因之一。在过去几年中，酶抑制剂作为致病过程中药物的良好候选者，因其在药理学中的潜在应用而受到越来越多的关注。海洋环境被认为是用于药理学应用的酶抑制剂的一个具有挑战性的来源。在本综述中，我们报道了具有酶抑制活性的次生代谢产物，重点关注海洋海绵和细菌这两个有前景的来源。就海绵而言，我们仅报道了激酶抑制剂，因为此类是迄今为止从这些海洋生物中分离出的最具代表性的一类。
