Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2017 Jun;34:49-55. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
Skeletal muscle cells are highly abundant and metabolically active and are known to 'communicate' their energy demands to other organs through active secretion. Muscle-derived secretory proteins include a variety of cytokines and peptides collectively referred to as 'myokines' that exert autocrine, paracrine or endocrine effects. Analyses of the skeletal muscle secretome revealed that numerous myokines are secreted in response to contraction or strength training, and that these factors not only regulate energy demand but also contribute to the broad beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental health. Herein we review recent studies on the myokines that regulate muscle function and those that mediate cross talk between skeletal muscle and other organs including adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, the cardiovascular system, brain, bones, and skin.
骨骼肌细胞含量丰富，代谢活跃，已知它们通过主动分泌将其能量需求“传达”给其他器官。肌肉衍生的分泌蛋白包括各种细胞因子和肽，统称为“肌因子”，它们发挥自分泌、旁分泌或内分泌作用。对骨骼肌分泌组的分析表明，许多肌因子是响应收缩或力量训练而分泌的，这些因子不仅调节能量需求，而且有助于运动对心血管、代谢和心理健康的广泛有益影响。在此，我们综述了最近关于调节肌肉功能的肌因子以及调节骨骼肌与包括脂肪组织、肝脏、胰腺、心血管系统、大脑、骨骼和皮肤在内的其他器官之间通讯的肌因子的研究。
