Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Sep;57(6):2091-2104. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1482-3. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
In metabolic syndrome, the composition of gut microbiota has been disrupted, and is associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Several types of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics have been shown to exert cardioprotection by restoring gut microbiota from dysbiosis and reducing systemic inflammation. However, the effects of prebiotics such as xylooligosaccharides (XOS); probiotics such as Lactobacillus paracasei STII01 HP4, and synbiotics on metabolic and LV function in obese insulin-resistant rats have not been investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that prebiotics and probiotics improve metabolic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and LV function by attenuating cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, and that synbiotics provide greater efficacy than a single regimen in obese insulin resistance.
Rats were fed with either normal diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then rats in each dietary group were randomly subdivided into four subgroups to receive either a vehicle, prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics for another 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters, BP, HRV, LV function, cardiac mitochondrial function, systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress were determined.
HFD-fed rats had obese insulin resistance with markedly increased systemic inflammatory marker [Serum LPS; ND; 0.6 ± 0.1 EU/ml vs. HFD; 5.7 ± 1.2 EU/ml (p < 0.05)], depressed HRV, and increased BP and LV dysfunction [%ejection fraction; ND; 93 ± 2% vs. HFD; 83 ± 2% (p < 0.05)]. Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics attenuated insulin resistance by improving insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles. All interventions also improved HRV, BP, LV function [%ejection fraction; HFV; 81 ± 2% vs. HFPE; 93 ± 3%, HFPO; 92 ± 1%, HFC; 92 ± 2% (p < 0.05)] by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation in obese insulin-resistant rats.
Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics shared similar efficacy in reducing insulin resistance and LV dysfunction in obese insulin-resistant rats.
在代谢综合征中，肠道微生物群落的组成已经紊乱，并与左心室（LV）功能障碍有关。已经证明，几种类型的益生元、益生菌和合生菌通过恢复肠道微生物群落的失调和减少全身炎症来发挥心脏保护作用。然而，尚未研究过诸如木二糖（XOS）等益生元；益生菌如副干酪乳杆菌 STII01 HP4；以及合生菌对肥胖胰岛素抵抗大鼠的代谢和 LV 功能的影响。在这项研究中，我们假设益生元和益生菌通过减轻心脏线粒体功能障碍、全身炎症和氧化应激来改善代谢参数、心率变异性（HRV）、血压（BP）和 LV 功能，并且合生菌比单一疗法在肥胖胰岛素抵抗中提供更大的疗效。
大鼠分别给予正常饮食或高脂肪饮食（HFD）12 周，然后将每种饮食组的大鼠随机分为四组，分别给予载体、益生元、益生菌或合生菌 12 周。测定代谢参数、BP、HRV、LV 功能、心脏线粒体功能、全身炎症和氧化应激。
HFD 喂养的大鼠表现出肥胖胰岛素抵抗，全身炎症标志物显著增加[血清 LPS；ND；0.6±0.1 EU/ml 与 HFD；5.7±1.2 EU/ml（p<0.05）]，HRV 降低，BP 和 LV 功能障碍增加[射血分数；ND；93±2%与 HFD；83±2%（p<0.05）]。益生元、益生菌和合生菌通过改善胰岛素敏感性和脂质谱来减轻胰岛素抵抗。所有干预措施还通过减轻线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激和全身炎症来改善 HRV、BP、LV 功能[射血分数；HFV；81±2%与 HFPE；93±3%、HFPO；92±1%、HFC；92±2%（p<0.05）]。
在肥胖胰岛素抵抗大鼠中，益生元、益生菌和合生菌在减轻胰岛素抵抗和 LV 功能障碍方面具有相似的疗效。
