Centro de Investigaciones Costeras-Universidad de Atacama (CIC-UDA), Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, III Región, Chile.
Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista, Núcleo de Estudos sobre Poluição e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n, São Vicente, SP, 11330-900, Brazil.
Environ Geochem Health. 2018 Aug;40(4):1465-1480. doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-9996-4. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
The Ribeira de Iguape River (Southeast Brazil) is metal contaminated by mining activities. Despite it has been cataloged as "in via of restoration" by the literature, this basin is still a sink of pollution in some segments of the fluvial system. This study aimed to assess the sediment quality in the lower part of the RIR basin. The employed approach was based on biological responses of the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea after 7-day exposure bioassays using as the reference site the Perequê Ecological Park. Toxic responses (burial activity and lethality) and biochemical biomarkers (GST, GR, GPx, LPO, MTs, AChE and DNA damage) were evaluated and then integrated with metal bioavailability and chemical concentrations to address the sediment quality in the area through the weight-of-evidence approach. A multivariate analysis identified linkages between biological responses and contamination. Results pointed that, despite being below the benchmarks of the US Environmental Protection Agency, there is slight metal contamination in the lower part of the basin which induces oxidative stress in C. fluminea; other toxic responses were sometimes attributed to As and Cr bioaccumulation. The sediment quality values (TEL-PEL values in mg/kg) were calculated for the current study for As (0.63-1.31), Cr (3.5-11.05), Cs (1.0-1.17), Cu (6.32-7.32), Ni (6.78-7.46), Ti (42.0-215), V (1.77-8.00). By comparison with other international guidelines, the sediment quality of the lower basin of the Vale de Ribeira does not identify a significant environmental risk.
伊瓜佩河（巴西东南部）受到矿业活动的金属污染。尽管该流域已被文献列为“正在恢复中”，但在该河流系统的某些河段，它仍然是污染的汇。本研究旨在评估伊瓜佩河流域下游的沉积物质量。所采用的方法基于淡水贻贝 Corbicula fluminea 在 7 天暴露生物测定中的生物反应，以 Perequê 生态公园作为参考点。评估了毒性反应（埋葬活性和致死率）和生化生物标志物（GST、GR、GPx、LPO、MTs、AChE 和 DNA 损伤），然后将其与金属生物利用度和化学浓度结合起来，通过证据权重方法解决该地区的沉积物质量问题。多元分析确定了生物反应与污染之间的联系。结果表明，尽管低于美国环境保护署的基准值，但流域下游仍存在轻微的金属污染，这会导致 C. fluminea 产生氧化应激；其他毒性反应有时归因于 As 和 Cr 的生物积累。根据本研究，计算了当前研究中沉积物质量值（TEL-PEL 值，mg/kg），包括 As（0.63-1.31）、Cr（3.5-11.05）、Cs（1.0-1.17）、Cu（6.32-7.32）、Ni（6.78-7.46）、Ti（42.0-215）和 V（1.77-8.00）。与其他国际指南相比，伊瓜佩河谷下游的沉积物质量并未识别出显著的环境风险。
