Mojiri Amin, Ahmad Zakiah, Tajuddin Ramlah Mohd, Arshad Mohd Fadzil, Gholami Ali
Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management (IIESM), Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Jul;189(7):337. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6052-x. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
Water pollution is a global problem. During current study, ammonia, phosphate, phenol, and copper(II) were removed from aqueous solution by subsurface and surface flow constructed wetland. In current investigation, distilled water was polluted with four contaminants including ammonia, phosphate, copper (Cu), and phenol. Response surface methodology and central composite design were applied to optimize pollutant removal during treatment by subsurface flow constructed wetland (SSFCW). Contact time (12 to 80 h) and initial pollutant concentration (20 to 85 mg/L) were selected as independent factors; some upper and lower ranges were also monitored for accuracy. In SSFCW, water hyacinth transplanted in two substrate layers, namely zeolite and cockle shell. SSFCW removed 87.7, 81.4, 74.7, and 54.9% of ammonia, phosphate, Cu, and phenol, respectively, at optimum contact time (64.5 h) and initial pollutant concentration (69.2 mg/L). Aqueous solution was moved to a surface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) after treating via SSFCW at optimum conditions. In SFCW, Typha was transplanted to a fixed powdered substrate layer, including bentonite, zeolite, and cockle shell. SFCW could develop performance of this combined system and could improve elimination efficacy of the four contaminants to 99.99%. So this combined CW showed a good performance in removing pollutants. Graphical abstract Wetlands arrangement for treating aqueous solution in current study.
水污染是一个全球性问题。在当前研究中，通过潜流和表面流人工湿地从水溶液中去除了氨、磷酸盐、苯酚和铜（II）。在当前调查中，蒸馏水被氨、磷酸盐、铜（Cu）和苯酚这四种污染物污染。应用响应面方法和中心复合设计来优化潜流人工湿地（SSFCW）处理过程中的污染物去除。选择接触时间（12至80小时）和初始污染物浓度（20至85毫克/升）作为独立因素；还监测了一些上下范围以确保准确性。在SSFCW中，水葫芦被种植在两层基质中，即沸石和蚬壳。在最佳接触时间（64.5小时）和初始污染物浓度（69.2毫克/升）下，SSFCW分别去除了87.7%、81.4%、74.7%和54.9%的氨、磷酸盐、铜和苯酚。在最佳条件下通过SSFCW处理后的水溶液被转移到表面流人工湿地（SFCW）。在SFCW中，香蒲被种植在固定的粉末状基质层中，包括膨润土、沸石和蚬壳。SFCW可以提升该组合系统的性能，并可将四种污染物的去除效率提高到99.99%。因此，这种组合人工湿地在去除污染物方面表现良好。图形摘要 当前研究中用于处理水溶液的湿地布置。
