Bao Yu-Xin, Duan Ruo-Nan, Yang Ming-Zhe, Chen Yan-Rong, Tian Guo, Luo Jiao, Cheng Guo
Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2017 Jan;48(1):96-100.
To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in Longquanyi District of Chengdu and its association with consumptions of meat, dietary fat and fatty-acids.
A total of 1 811 children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in Longquanyi District were selected using stratified cluster sampling strategy. Their body mass, height and waist circumference were measured. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was estimated based on body mass index (BMI), body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Daily consumptions of meat, dietary fat and fatty-acids were calculated using data collected through a food frequency questionnaire and 3-d 24 h dietary recall. The children with overweight/obesity were compared with those with normal body mass in food/nutrient consumptions using Wilcoxon tests. The BMI SDS, WHtR, and prevalence of overweight and obesity were also compared between those having low, moderate and high food/nutrient consumptions using Chi-square tests or Kruskal-Wallis tests.
About 10.34% and 6.59% of participants were found to be overweight and obese, respectively. Boys had higher prevalence of overweight (12.05%) and overweight/obesity (18.97%) than girls (8.55%, 14.80%) ( <0.05). Girls consumed more meat (including red meat and white meat), saturated fatty-acid (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty-acid (MUFA) than boys ( <0.05). The consumptions of meat (both red meat and white meat), SFA and MUFA increased with age ( <0.05). Overweight/obese girls consumed more SFA, MUFA and fat (%EN) than those of normal weight. The BMI SDS and WHtR of girls increased with fat (%EN) consumptions ( <0.05). The BMI SDS of girls also increased with MUFA consumptions ( <0.05).
Consumptions of red meat, dietary fat, SFA, and MUFA are associated with overweight/obesity of girls aged 7-15 years in Chengdu. Further studies are needed to understand the gender differences.
确定成都市龙泉驿区7-15岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖的患病率及其与肉类、膳食脂肪和脂肪酸摄入量的关系。
采用分层整群抽样策略，选取龙泉驿区1811名7-15岁儿童青少年。测量他们的体重、身高和腰围。根据体重指数（BMI）、体重指数标准差评分（BMI SDS）和腰高比（WHtR）估算超重/肥胖患病率。通过食物频率问卷和3天24小时膳食回顾收集的数据计算肉类、膳食脂肪和脂肪酸的每日摄入量。使用Wilcoxon检验比较超重/肥胖儿童与体重正常儿童的食物/营养素摄入量。还使用卡方检验或Kruskal-Wallis检验比较食物/营养素摄入量低、中、高的儿童之间的BMI SDS、WHtR以及超重和肥胖患病率。
分别有10.34%和6.59%的参与者被发现超重和肥胖。男孩超重患病率（12.05%）和超重/肥胖患病率（18.97%）高于女孩（8.55%，14.80%）（P<0.05）。女孩比男孩摄入更多的肉类（包括红肉和白肉）、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）（P<0.05）。肉类（红肉和白肉）、SFA和MUFA的摄入量随年龄增加（P<0.05）。超重/肥胖女孩比体重正常的女孩摄入更多的SFA、MUFA和脂肪（%能量）。女孩的BMI SDS和WHtR随脂肪（%能量）摄入量增加（P<0.05）。女孩的BMI SDS也随MUFA摄入量增加（P<0.05）。
红肉、膳食脂肪、SFA和MUFA的摄入量与成都7-15岁女孩的超重/肥胖有关。需要进一步研究以了解性别差异。
