Al Aboud Ahmad M., Nigam Pramod K.
King Abdullah Medical City
PtJNM Med C, Chhattisgarh and AYUSH Uni
Warts are benign lesions that occur in the mucosa and skin. Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), with over 100 types of HPV identified. HPV may occur at any site. The primary manifestations of HPV infection include common warts, genital warts, flat warts, deep palmoplantar warts (Myrmecia), focal epithelial hyperplasia, Epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and Plantar cysts. Warts may be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. Events that disrupt the normal epithelial barrier increase the likelihood of developing warts. Treatment may be difficult. Warts often resolve spontaneously within a few years. Some high-risk HPV subtypes are associated with malignancies, including types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 35. Malignant transformation usually is seen in patients with genital warts and immunocompromised patients. HPV types 5, 8, 20, and 47 have oncogenic potential leading to epidermodysplasia verruciformis.
疣是发生于黏膜和皮肤的良性病变。疣由人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）引起，已鉴定出100多种HPV类型。HPV可发生于任何部位。HPV感染的主要表现包括寻常疣、尖锐湿疣、扁平疣、掌跖深部疣（豆状疣）、灶性上皮增生、疣状表皮发育不良和跖囊肿。疣可通过直接或间接接触传播。破坏正常上皮屏障的事件会增加患疣的可能性。治疗可能困难。疣通常会在几年内自行消退。一些高危HPV亚型与恶性肿瘤有关，包括6型、11型、16型、18型、31型和35型。恶性转化通常见于尖锐湿疣患者和免疫功能低下患者。5型、8型、20型和47型HPV具有致癌潜力，可导致疣状表皮发育不良。
