Willner Daniel A., Goyal Amandeep, Grigorova Yulia, Sharma Sanjeev, Kiel John
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
University of Kansas Medical Center
Pericardial effusion refers to fluid accumulation within the connective tissue sac surrounding the heart (see Large Pericardial Effusion). The pericardial sac is composed of the thin visceral pericardium, which consists of a single layer of cells adherent to the cardiac epicardium, and the thicker, fibrous parietal pericardium composed of collagen and elastin, which adheres to the lungs, diaphragm, sternum, great vessels, and other mediastinal structures surrounding the heart. The pericardial sac contains between 15 mL and 50 mL of serous fluid in a healthy individual.
心包积液是指心脏周围结缔组织囊内的液体蓄积（见大量心包积液）。心包囊由薄的脏层心包组成，脏层心包由单层附着于心脏心外膜的细胞构成，还有较厚的、由胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白组成的纤维性壁层心包，壁层心包附着于肺、膈肌、胸骨、大血管以及心脏周围的其他纵隔结构。在健康个体中，心包囊内含有15毫升至50毫升的浆液。
