Hoit Brian D
Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Case Western Reserve University, Harrington Heart and Vascular Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-5038, USA.
Cardiol Clin. 2017 Nov;35(4):481-490. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2017.07.002.
The pericardium consists of a visceral mesothelial monolayer (epicardium) that reflects over the great vessels and joins an outer, relatively inelastic fibrous parietal layer of organized collagen and elastin fibers, between which is a potential space that normally contains up to 50 mL of plasma filtrate. Although not essential for life, the pericardium serves important albeit subtle functions in the euvolemic healthy individual that become increasingly important in hypervolemic states and conditions in which the heart enlarges acutely. The pericardial functions can be divided into the mechanical, reflex, membranous, metabolic, ligamentous.
心包由一层脏层间皮细胞（心外膜）组成，该层间皮细胞覆盖在大血管上，并与外层相对无弹性的、由有组织的胶原纤维和弹性纤维构成的纤维性壁层相连，两层之间是一个潜在间隙，通常含有多达50毫升的血浆滤出液。心包虽然并非生命所必需，但在血容量正常的健康个体中发挥着重要却微妙的功能，而在血容量过多状态以及心脏急性扩大的情况下，这些功能变得愈发重要。心包的功能可分为机械功能、反射功能、膜功能、代谢功能和韧带功能。
