Dzhambov Angel M, Dimitrova Donka D
Department of Hygiene and Ecomedicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Noise Health. 2017 May-Jun;19(88):115-124. doi: 10.4103/nah.NAH_51_16.
Occupational noise exposure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are common in the United States, but so far their association has not been explored. Given the neuroimmunological effects of noise, such an association seems plausible. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the association of occupational noise exposure with prevalent COPD in the US general population.
We used data from the population-based National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2014. The cross-sectional association of self-reported duration of exposure to very loud noise during participants' occupational lifetime with self-reported COPD and emphysema was explored using weighted logistic regression.
The fully adjusted model yielded odds ratio (OR)≥15 years = 1.68 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.28, 2.21] for COPD and OR≥15 years = 1.61 (95% CI: 1.13, 2.30) for emphysema. Race/ethnicity was a significant effect modifier. In sensitivity analysis with cumulative noise exposure based on a job exposure matrix, we found no effect.
In conclusion, we found a relationship between self-reported occupational noise exposure and the risk of prevalent COPD in the US general population, but none with objective noise levels. Being the first study on the subject matter, and given the design limitations, these findings are tentative and should be treated with caution.
在美国，职业性噪声暴露和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）都很常见，但到目前为止，它们之间的关联尚未得到探讨。鉴于噪声的神经免疫效应，这种关联似乎是合理的。因此，本研究旨在探讨美国普通人群中职业性噪声暴露与COPD患病率之间的关联。
我们使用了基于人群的2014年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的数据。使用加权逻辑回归探讨了参与者职业生涯中自我报告的暴露于极强噪声的持续时间与自我报告的COPD和肺气肿之间的横断面关联。
对于COPD，完全调整模型得出的比值比（OR）≥15年 = 1.68 [95%置信区间（CI）：1.28，2.21]，对于肺气肿，OR≥15年 = 1.61（95% CI：1.13，2.30）。种族/族裔是一个显著的效应修饰因素。在基于工作暴露矩阵进行累积噪声暴露的敏感性分析中，我们未发现影响。
总之，我们发现美国普通人群中自我报告的职业性噪声暴露与COPD患病率风险之间存在关联，但与客观噪声水平无关。作为该主题的第一项研究，鉴于设计上的局限性，这些发现是初步的，应谨慎对待。
