Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK.
Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK.
J Affect Disord. 2017 Oct 1;220:129-138. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.002. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
Self-criticism refers to a series of persistent and negative self-judgements, often involuntary, that an individual makes about themselves. Recent research has explored the possibility that self-criticism can lead to a more perseverative style of thinking called self-critical rumination. There is evidence that self-critical rumination may be a separate construct from other forms of rumination, such as depressive rumination and post-event processing. Research has indicated that metacognitions, beliefs that individuals have about their internal experiences and how to control them, may play a role in self-critical rumination. The aim of our work was to develop a measure to assess metacognitions related to self-critical rumination.
In Study 1, a community sample of 178 participants completed the newly developed Metacognitions about Self-Critical Rumination Questionnaire (MSCRQ) and results were subjected to a Principal Components Analysis. In Study 2, a community sample of 247 participants completed a battery of questionnaires including the MSCRQ. A Confirmatory Factors Analysis was performed on the MSCRQ and validity was ascertained by correlating with other measures.
In Study 1, a 15-item two-factor structure was identified. A 10-item two-factor structure was confirmed in Study 2. Results also indicated that the MSCRQ has acceptable levels of reliability, and good concurrent and incremental validity.
The MSCRQ appears to be a reliable and valid measure of metacognitions about self-critical rumination whilst the MCQ-30 is a better predictor of general emotional distress.
自我批评是指个体对自己进行的一系列持续的、消极的自我评判，通常是无意识的。最近的研究探索了自我批评可能导致一种更具坚持性的思维方式，即自我批判性沉思的可能性。有证据表明，自我批判性沉思可能是一种与其他形式的沉思（如抑郁性沉思和事件后处理）不同的构念。研究表明，元认知——个体对自身内部体验及其控制方式的信念——可能在自我批判性沉思中发挥作用。我们的工作旨在开发一种评估与自我批判性沉思相关的元认知的测量工具。
在研究 1 中，178 名社区参与者完成了新开发的自我批判性沉思元认知问卷（MSCRQ），并对结果进行了主成分分析。在研究 2 中，247 名社区参与者完成了一系列问卷，包括 MSCRQ。对 MSCRQ 进行了验证性因素分析，并通过与其他测量工具的相关性来确定其有效性。
在研究 1 中，确定了 15 项两因素结构。在研究 2 中，确认了 10 项两因素结构。结果还表明，MSCRQ 具有可接受的信度水平，以及良好的同时和增量有效性。
MSCRQ 似乎是一种可靠有效的自我批判性沉思元认知测量工具，而 MCQ-30 是一般情绪困扰的更好预测指标。
