Soulis Konstantinos X, Valiantzas John D, Ntoulas Nikolaos, Kargas George, Nektarios Panayiotis A
Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Division of Water Resources Management, Agricultural University of Athens, 75, Iera Odos Str., 11855, Athens, Greece.
Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Division of Water Resources Management, Agricultural University of Athens, 75, Iera Odos Str., 11855, Athens, Greece.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Sep 15;200:434-445. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.012. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
In spite of the well-known green roof benefits, their widespread adoption in the management practices of urban drainage systems requires the use of adequate analytical and modelling tools. In the current study, green roof runoff modeling was accomplished by developing, testing, and jointly using a simple conceptual model and a physically based numerical simulation model utilizing HYDRUS-1D software. The use of such an approach combines the advantages of the conceptual model, namely simplicity, low computational requirements, and ability to be easily integrated in decision support tools with the capacity of the physically based simulation model to be easily transferred in conditions and locations other than those used for calibrating and validating it. The proposed approach was evaluated with an experimental dataset that included various green roof covers (either succulent plants - Sedum sediforme, or xerophytic plants - Origanum onites, or bare substrate without any vegetation) and two substrate depths (either 8 cm or 16 cm). Both the physically based and the conceptual models matched very closely the observed hydrographs. In general, the conceptual model performed better than the physically based simulation model but the overall performance of both models was sufficient in most cases as it is revealed by the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency index which was generally greater than 0.70. Finally, it was showcased how a physically based and a simple conceptual model can be jointly used to allow the use of the simple conceptual model for a wider set of conditions than the available experimental data and in order to support green roof design.
尽管绿色屋顶有诸多益处，但要在城市排水系统管理实践中广泛采用，还需运用适当的分析和建模工具。在本研究中，通过开发、测试并联合使用一个简单概念模型和一个基于物理的数值模拟模型（利用HYDRUS - 1D软件）来完成绿色屋顶径流建模。这种方法的使用结合了概念模型的优点，即简单性、低计算要求以及易于集成到决策支持工具中的能力，同时具备基于物理的模拟模型能够轻松应用于除校准和验证所用条件及位置之外的其他条件和位置的能力。利用一个实验数据集对所提出方法进行了评估，该数据集包括各种绿色屋顶覆盖类型（肉质植物——垂盆草，或旱生植物——牛至，或无植被的裸露基质）以及两种基质深度（8厘米或16厘米）。基于物理的模型和概念模型都与观测到的水文过程线非常吻合。总体而言，概念模型的表现优于基于物理的模拟模型，但正如纳什 - 萨特克利夫效率指数所显示的那样，在大多数情况下两个模型的整体表现都足够好，该指数通常大于0.70。最后，展示了如何联合使用基于物理的模型和简单概念模型，以便在比现有实验数据更广泛的条件下使用简单概念模型，从而支持绿色屋顶设计。
