Bhadra Utpal, Thakkar Nirav, Das Paromita, Pal Bhadra Manika
Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
Functional Genomics and Gene Silencing Group, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India.
Sleep Med. 2017 Jul;35:49-61. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 May 8.
The human body persists in its rhythm as per its initial time zone, and transition always occur according to solar movements around the earth over 24 h. While traveling across different latitudes and longitudes, at the pace exceeding the earth's movement, the changes in the external cues exceed the level of toleration of the body's biological clock. This poses an alteration in our physiological activities of sleep-wake pattern, mental alertness, organ movement, and eating habits, causing them to temporarily lose the track of time. This is further re-synchronized with the physiological cues of the destination over time. The mechanism of resetting of the clocks with varying time zones and cues occur in organisms from bacteria to humans. It is the result of the evolution of different pathways and molecular mechanisms over the time. There has been evolution of numerous comprehensive mechanisms using various research tools to get a deeper insight into the rapid turnover of molecular mechanisms in various species. This review reports insights into the evolution of the circadian mechanism and its evolutionary shift which is vital and plays a major role in assisting different organisms to adapt in different zones and controls their internal biological clocks with changing external cues.
人体会按照其最初所在的时区维持自身节律，且转变总是根据地球周围太阳在24小时内的运动而发生。当以超过地球运动的速度跨越不同的纬度和经度旅行时，外部线索的变化超出了人体生物钟的耐受程度。这会导致我们睡眠-清醒模式、精神警觉性、器官活动和饮食习惯等生理活动发生改变，使它们暂时失去时间轨迹。随着时间推移，这些生理活动会与目的地的生理线索重新同步。从细菌到人类的生物体中都存在随着不同时区和线索重置生物钟的机制。这是不同途径和分子机制随时间进化的结果。利用各种研究工具，已经进化出了许多综合机制，以便更深入地了解不同物种中分子机制的快速更新。本综述报告了对昼夜节律机制进化及其进化转变的见解，这一机制至关重要，在帮助不同生物体适应不同区域并随着外部线索变化控制其内部生物钟方面发挥着重要作用。
