Scaffidi Thomas, Nandi Nabhanila, Schmidt Burkhard, Mackenzie Andrew P, Moore Joel E
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Jun 2;118(22):226601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.226601.
In metallic samples of small enough size and sufficiently strong momentum-conserving scattering, the viscosity of the electron gas can become the dominant process governing transport. In this regime, momentum is a long-lived quantity whose evolution is described by an emergent hydrodynamical theory. Furthermore, breaking time-reversal symmetry leads to the appearance of an odd component to the viscosity called the Hall viscosity, which has attracted considerable attention recently due to its quantized nature in gapped systems but still eludes experimental confirmation. Based on microscopic calculations, we discuss how to measure the effects of both the even and odd components of the viscosity using hydrodynamic electronic transport in mesoscopic samples under applied magnetic fields.
在尺寸足够小且动量守恒散射足够强的金属样品中，电子气的粘性可以成为主导输运的过程。在这种情况下，动量是一个长寿命量，其演化由一种涌现的流体动力学理论描述。此外，打破时间反演对称性会导致出现粘性的奇数分量，即所谓的霍尔粘性，由于其在带隙系统中的量子化性质，最近引起了相当大的关注，但仍未得到实验证实。基于微观计算，我们讨论了如何在施加磁场的情况下，利用介观样品中的流体动力学电子输运来测量粘性的偶数和奇数分量的效应。
