快感缺乏与青少年中期大麻使用升级之间的关联。
Associations between anhedonia and marijuana use escalation across mid-adolescence.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Addiction. 2017 Dec;112(12):2182-2190. doi: 10.1111/add.13912. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Anhedonia-a transdiagnostic psychopathological trait indicative of inability to experience pleasure-could lead to and result from adolescent marijuana use, yet this notion has not been tested. This study aimed to estimate the association of: (1) anhedonia at age 14 with rate of change in marijuana use over an 18-month follow-up, and (2) marijuana use at age 14 with rate of change in anhedonia over follow-up. Secondary aims were to test whether gender, baseline marijuana use history and peer marijuana use moderated these associations.
DESIGN
Observational longitudinal cohort repeated-measures design, with baseline (age 14 years), 6-month, 12-month and 18-month follow-up assessments.
SETTINGS
Ten public high schools in Los Angeles, CA, USA, 2013-15.
PARTICIPANTS
Students [n = 3394; 53.5% female, mean (standard deviation) age at baseline = 14.1 (0.42)].
MEASUREMENTS
Self-report level of anhedonia on the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale and frequency of marijuana use in the past 30 days.
FINDINGS
Parallel process latent growth curve models adjusting for confounders showed that baseline anhedonia level was associated positively with the rate of increase in marijuana use frequency across follow-ups [β, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.115 (0.022, 0.252), P = 0.03]. Baseline marijuana use frequency was not related significantly to the rate of change in anhedonia across follow-ups [β, 95% CI = -0.015 (-0.350, 0.321), P = 0.93]. The association of baseline anhedonia with faster marijuana use escalation was amplified among adolescents with (versus without) friends who used marijuana at baseline [β, 95% CI = 0.179 (0.043, 0.334) versus 0.064 (-0.071, 0.187), interaction P = 0.04], but did not differ by gender or baseline ever marijuana use.
CONCLUSIONS
In mid-adolescence, anhedonia is associated with subsequent marijuana use escalation, but marijuana use escalation does not appear to be associated with subsequent anhedonia.
背景与目的
快感缺失——一种表明无法体验快乐的跨诊断精神病理学特征——可能导致青少年吸食大麻，并由此产生，然而这一概念尚未得到验证。本研究旨在评估以下关联：（1）14 岁时的快感缺失与 18 个月随访期间大麻使用频率的变化率之间的关联；（2）14 岁时的大麻使用与随访期间快感缺失变化率之间的关联。次要目的是检验性别、基线大麻使用史和同伴大麻使用是否调节了这些关联。
设计
观察性纵向队列重复测量设计，基线（14 岁）、6 个月、12 个月和 18 个月随访评估。
地点
美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的 10 所公立高中，2013-2015 年。
参与者
学生[共 3394 名；53.5%为女性，基线年龄（平均值±标准差）为 14.1±0.42]。
测量
使用 Snaith-Hamilton 快感量表评估快感缺失水平，使用过去 30 天内大麻使用频率评估大麻使用情况。
结果
调整混杂因素的平行过程潜在增长曲线模型显示，基线快感缺失水平与随访期间大麻使用频率的增加率呈正相关[β，95%置信区间（CI）为 0.115（0.022，0.252），P=0.03]。基线大麻使用频率与随访期间快感缺失变化率无显著相关性[β，95%CI为-0.015（-0.350，0.321），P=0.93]。与基线时没有朋友使用大麻的青少年相比，基线时快感缺失与更快的大麻使用增加率之间的关联在有（而非没有）朋友使用大麻的青少年中更为明显[β，95%CI为 0.179（0.043，0.334）与 0.064（-0.071，0.187），交互作用 P=0.04]，但与性别或基线时是否曾使用过大麻无关。
结论
在青少年中期，快感缺失与随后的大麻使用增加率有关，但大麻使用增加率似乎与随后的快感缺失无关。
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