The total number of prelaryngeal and pretracheal lymph node metastases: is it a reliable predictor of contralateral central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma?

BACKGROUND

Central lymph node (CLN) metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common and being able to predict CLN metastasis helps surgeons determine individualized therapy. However, the relationship between contralateral CLN metastasis and the total number of positive lymph nodes (LNs) in the combined prelaryngeal and pretracheal region remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the total number of positive LNs in the combined prelaryngeal and pretracheal region has clinical significance as a predictor for contralateral CLN metastasis.

METHODS

We prospectively enrolled 153 consecutive patients with unifocal PTC >1.0 cm without ultrasonographic evidence of nodal metastasis who underwent total thyroidectomy and prophylactic bilateral CLN dissection from July 2011-May 2013. Patients were divided into three groups according to the total number of positive LNs in the combined prelaryngeal and pretracheal region.

RESULTS

Rates of metastasis to ipsilateral and contralateral central compartments in PTC >1.0 cm were 84.3% and 24.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that ≥3 positive LNs in the combined prelaryngeal and pretracheal region were an independent predictive factor of contralateral CLN metastasis (P < 0.001; odds ratio, 8.585). After a mean follow-up of 24.1 mo, none of these patients had a recurrence in the central or lateral compartment.

CONCLUSIONS

Occult metastasis is highly prevalent in the ipsilateral central neck of patients with PTC >1.0 cm, and the total number of prelaryngeal and pretracheal LNs metastases may be a useful indicator to predict contralateral CLN metastasis in patients with unifocal PTC.