Chair of Nephrology - IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
J Nephrol. 2018 Apr;31(2):209-223. doi: 10.1007/s40620-017-0416-8. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by an acute decline in renal function and is associated to increased mortality rate, hospitalization time, and total health-related costs. The severity of this 'fearsome' clinical complication might depend on, or even be worsened by, the late detection of AKI, when the diagnosis is based on the elevation of serum creatinine (SCr). For these reasons, in recent years a great number of new tools, biomarkers and predictive models have been proposed to clinicians in order to improve diagnosis and prevent the development of AKI. The purpose of this narrative paper is to review the current state of the art in prediction and early detection of AKI and outline future challenges.
急性肾损伤 (AKI) 的特征是肾功能急性下降，与死亡率、住院时间和总医疗相关成本增加有关。这种“可怕”的临床并发症的严重程度可能取决于 AKI 的晚期检测，当诊断基于血清肌酐 (SCr) 的升高时，甚至可能会恶化。出于这些原因，近年来，为了改善诊断和预防 AKI 的发生，许多新的工具、生物标志物和预测模型已经被提出来供临床医生使用。本文的目的是回顾 AKI 的预测和早期检测的最新进展，并概述未来的挑战。
