Yue Feng, Zhang Guodong, Quintero Jorge E, Gash Don M, Zhang Zhiming
Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
Wincon TheraCells Biotechnologies Co., Ltd., 3 Gaoxin 3 Rd, Nanning 530003, Guangxi, China; Department of Bio-engineering, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Rd, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Dongya Center for Nonhuman Primate Research and Technical Development, 3 Gaoxin 3 Rd, Nanning 530003, Guangxi, China.
Exp Gerontol. 2017 Oct 1;96:82-88. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.06.010. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common form of diabetes that occurs in both human and nonhuman primates. Although spontaneously diabetic nonhuman primates are used extensively in diabetic related research and are a proven valuable tool for the study of the natural history of diabetes, little is known about the key factors that can cause this metabolic disorder and the preventative measures that could be employed to minimize the consequences of diabetes. Using a model of developing and untreated diabetes, this study describes the effects of housing arrangement (socially group- versus individually single-housed), exercise, diet, age, and sex on fasting plasma glucose, key lipids associated with diabetes, and bodyweight in two large cohorts of nonhuman primates. Key findings include exercise/housing arrangement's contribution to significant differences in bodyweight, levels of fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoproteins. Age also had profound effects on glucose, triglyceride and high-density lipoproteins, particularly in single-caged animals. Moreover, females had higher fasting glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels than male counterparts within the same housing situations. These factors may be critical to identifying preventive measures that could eventually be used to minimize obesity and diabetes in humans.
2型糖尿病是人类和非人类灵长类动物中最常见的糖尿病形式。尽管自发性糖尿病非人类灵长类动物在糖尿病相关研究中被广泛使用，并且是研究糖尿病自然史的一种经证实的有价值工具，但对于可导致这种代谢紊乱的关键因素以及可用于将糖尿病后果降至最低的预防措施却知之甚少。本研究使用一种未治疗的糖尿病发展模型，描述了饲养方式（群居与单笼饲养）、运动、饮食、年龄和性别对两组大型非人类灵长类动物空腹血糖、与糖尿病相关的关键脂质以及体重的影响。主要发现包括运动/饲养方式对体重、空腹血糖水平、总胆固醇以及高密度和低密度脂蛋白的显著差异有影响。年龄对葡萄糖、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白也有深远影响，特别是在单笼饲养的动物中。此外，在相同饲养条件下，雌性动物的空腹血糖、总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平高于雄性动物。这些因素对于确定最终可用于将人类肥胖和糖尿病降至最低的预防措施可能至关重要。
