Lombard Murielle, Hamdane Djemel
Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, CNRS-UMR 8229, Collège De France, Université Pierre et marie Curie, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, CNRS-UMR 8229, Collège De France, Université Pierre et marie Curie, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2017 Oct 15;632:28-40. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.06.011. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
RNAs molecules fulfill key roles in the expression and regulation of the genetic information stored within the DNA chromosomes. In addition to the four canonical bases, U, C, A and G, RNAs harbor various chemically modified derivatives which are generated post-transcriptionally by specific enzymes acting directly at the polymer level. More than one hundred naturally occurring modified nucleosides have been identified to date, the largest number of which is found in tRNAs and rRNA. This remarkable biochemical process produces widely diversified RNAs further expanding the functional repertoires of these nucleic acids. Interestingly, several RNA-modifying enzymes use a flavin bioorganic molecule as a coenzyme in RNA modification pathways. Some of these reactions are simple while others are extremely complex using challenging chemistry orchestrated by large flavoenzymatic systems. In this review, we summarize recent knowledges on the flavin-dependent RNA-modifying enzymes and discuss the relevance of their activity within a cellular context.
RNA分子在DNA染色体中存储的遗传信息的表达和调控中发挥着关键作用。除了四种标准碱基U、C、A和G外，RNA还含有各种化学修饰的衍生物，这些衍生物是在转录后由直接作用于聚合物水平的特定酶产生的。迄今为止，已鉴定出一百多种天然存在的修饰核苷，其中数量最多的存在于tRNA和rRNA中。这一显著的生化过程产生了广泛多样的RNA，进一步扩展了这些核酸的功能范围。有趣的是，几种RNA修饰酶在RNA修饰途径中使用黄素生物有机分子作为辅酶。其中一些反应很简单，而另一些则极其复杂，涉及由大型黄素酶系统精心编排的具有挑战性的化学反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于黄素依赖性RNA修饰酶的最新知识，并讨论了它们在细胞环境中的活性相关性。
