真菌的双态性与毒力：温度适应、免疫逃逸及体内存活的分子机制
Fungal Dimorphism and Virulence: Molecular Mechanisms for Temperature Adaptation, Immune Evasion, and In Vivo Survival.
作者信息
Gauthier Gregory M
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
出版信息
Mediators Inflamm. 2017;2017:8491383. doi: 10.1155/2017/8491383. Epub 2017 May 23.
Abstract
The thermally dimorphic fungi are a unique group of fungi within the Ascomycota phylum that respond to shifts in temperature by converting between hyphae (22-25°C) and yeast (37°C). This morphologic switch, known as the phase transition, defines the biology and lifestyle of these fungi. The conversion to yeast within healthy and immunocompromised mammalian hosts is essential for virulence. In the yeast phase, the thermally dimorphic fungi upregulate genes involved with subverting host immune defenses. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms governing the phase transition and recent advances in how the phase transition promotes infection.
摘要
温度双态真菌是子囊菌门中一组独特的真菌，它们通过在菌丝（22 - 25°C）和酵母（37°C）之间转换来响应温度变化。这种形态学转变，即所谓的相变，定义了这些真菌的生物学特性和生活方式。在健康和免疫受损的哺乳动物宿主体内转变为酵母形态对于其毒力至关重要。在酵母阶段，温度双态真菌上调参与破坏宿主免疫防御的基因。本综述重点介绍了控制相变的分子机制以及相变如何促进感染的最新进展。
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