Moreti Dora Lúcia Carrara, Leandro Luís Fernando, da Silva Moraes Thaís, Moreira Monique Rodrigues, Sola Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio, Ambrosio Sergio Ricardo, Gomes Brenda Paula, Martins Carlos Henrique Gomes
Laboratory of Research in Applied Microbiology, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca - UNIFRAN, São Paulo, Brazil.
Anaerobe. 2017 Oct;47:201-208. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.06.008. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
The search for new, effective and safe antimicrobial compounds from plant sources has continued to play an important role in the maintenance of human health since ancient times. Such compounds can be used to help to eradicate microorganisms from the root canal system, preventing/healing periapical diseases. Mikania glomerata (Spreng.), commonly known as "guaco," is a native climbing plant from Brazil that displays a wide range of pharmacological properties. Many of its activities have been attributed to its phytochemical composition, which is mainly composed of diterpenes, such as ent-kaurenoic acid (KA). The present study evaluated the potential activity of an ent-kaurenoic-rich (KA) extract from Mikania glomerata (i.e. Mikania glomerata extract/MGE) and its major compound KA against bacteria that can cause endodontic infections. Time-kill assays were conducted and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), anti-biofilm activity, and synergistic antimicrobial activity of MGE and KA were determined. The MGE exhibited MIC and MBC values, which ranged from 6.25 to 100 μg/mL and 12.5 to 200 μg/mL respectively. The MIC and MBC results obtained for the KA, ranged from 3.12 to 100 μg/mL and 3.12 to 200 μg/mL respectively. Time-kill and anti-biofilm activity assays conducted for KA at concentrations between 3.12 and 12.5 μg/mL exhibited bactericidal activity between 6 and 72 h of incubation and 50% inhibition of biofilm formation for Porphyromonas gingivalis (clinical isolate), Propionibacterium acnes (ATCC 6919), Prevotella nigrescens (ATCC 33563), P. melaninogenica (ATCC 25845), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 43717). For synergistic antimicrobial activity, KA combined with chlorhexidine dichlorohydrate (CHD) had an additive effect with increased efficacy against P. gingivalis (clinical isolate) compared to CHD alone. It was concluded that M. glomerata extract and its major compound ent-kaurenoic acid (KA) showed in vitro antibacterial activity, the latter being a potential biofilm inhibitory agent. They may play important roles in the search for novel sources of agents that can act against bacteria present in endodontic infections.
自古以来，从植物来源寻找新型、有效且安全的抗菌化合物在维护人类健康方面一直发挥着重要作用。这类化合物可用于帮助根除根管系统中的微生物，预防/治愈根尖周疾病。假泽兰（Mikania glomerata (Spreng.)），俗称“瓜科”，是一种原产于巴西的攀缘植物，具有广泛的药理特性。其许多活性归因于其植物化学成分，主要由二萜类化合物组成，如贝壳杉烯酸（KA）。本研究评估了假泽兰富含贝壳杉烯酸（KA）的提取物（即假泽兰提取物/MGE）及其主要化合物KA对可引起牙髓感染的细菌的潜在活性。进行了时间杀菌试验，并测定了MGE和KA的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）、最低杀菌浓度（MBC）、抗生物膜活性和协同抗菌活性。MGE的MIC和MBC值分别为6.25至100μg/mL和12.5至200μg/mL。KA的MIC和MBC结果分别为3.12至100μg/mL和3.12至200μg/mL。对浓度在3.12至12.5μg/mL之间的KA进行的时间杀菌和抗生物膜活性试验显示，在孵育6至72小时之间具有杀菌活性，对牙龈卟啉单胞菌（临床分离株）、痤疮丙酸杆菌（ATCC 6919）、变黑普雷沃菌（ATCC 33563）、产黑色素普雷沃菌（ATCC 25845）、伴放线聚集杆菌（ATCC 43717）的生物膜形成有50%的抑制作用。对于协同抗菌活性，KA与二氯二水合氯己定（CHD）联合使用具有相加作用，与单独使用CHD相比，对牙龈卟啉单胞菌（临床分离株）的疗效增强。得出的结论是，假泽兰提取物及其主要化合物贝壳杉烯酸（KA）表现出体外抗菌活性，后者是一种潜在的生物膜抑制剂。它们可能在寻找可对抗牙髓感染中存在的细菌的新型药物来源方面发挥重要作用。
