Chassagne François, Samarakoon Tharanga, Porras Gina, Lyles James T, Dettweiler Micah, Marquez Lewis, Salam Akram M, Shabih Sarah, Farrokhi Darya Raschid, Quave Cassandra L
Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Emory University Herbarium, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 8;11:586548. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.586548. eCollection 2020.
Antimicrobial resistance represents a serious threat to human health across the globe. The cost of bringing a new antibiotic from discovery to market is high and return on investment is low. Furthermore, the development of new antibiotics has slowed dramatically since the 1950s' golden age of discovery. Plants produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites that could be used to fuel the future discovery pipeline. While many studies have focused on specific aspects of plants and plant natural products with antibacterial properties, a comprehensive review of the antibacterial potential of plants has never before been attempted. This systematic review aims to evaluate reports on plants with significant antibacterial activities. Following the PRISMA model, we searched three electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed and SciFinder by using specific keywords: "plant," "antibacterial," "inhibitory concentration." We identified a total of 6,083 articles published between 1946 and 2019 and then reviewed 66% of these (4,024) focusing on articles published between 2012 and 2019. A rigorous selection process was implemented using clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, yielding data on 958 plant species derived from 483 scientific articles. Antibacterial activity is found in 51 of 79 vascular plant orders throughout the phylogenetic tree. Most are reported within eudicots, with the bulk of species being asterids. Antibacterial activity is not prominent in monocotyledons. Phylogenetic distribution strongly supports the concept of chemical evolution across plant clades, especially in more derived eudicot families. The Lamiaceae, Fabaceae and Asteraceae were the most represented plant families, while , and were the most studied species. South Africa was the most represented site of plant collection. Crude extraction in methanol was the most represented type of extraction and leaves were the main plant tissue investigated. Finally, was the most targeted pathogenic bacteria in these studies. We closely examine 70 prominent medicinal plant species from the 15 families most studied in the literature. This review depicts the current state of knowledge regarding antibacterials from plants and provides powerful recommendations for future research directions.
抗生素耐药性对全球人类健康构成严重威胁。将一种新抗生素从发现推向市场的成本高昂，投资回报率低。此外，自20世纪50年代发现新抗生素的黄金时代以来，新抗生素的研发速度大幅放缓。植物产生多种具有生物活性的次生代谢产物，可用于推动未来的发现进程。虽然许多研究都集中在具有抗菌特性的植物和植物天然产物的特定方面，但此前从未有人尝试对植物的抗菌潜力进行全面综述。本系统综述旨在评估关于具有显著抗菌活性的植物的报告。按照PRISMA模型，我们使用特定关键词“植物”“抗菌”“抑制浓度”在三个电子数据库（科学网、PubMed和SciFinder）中进行搜索。我们共识别出1946年至2019年间发表的6083篇文章，然后对其中66%（4024篇）进行了综述，重点关注2012年至2019年间发表的文章。我们采用明确的纳入和排除标准实施了严格的筛选过程，从483篇科学文章中获取了关于958种植物的数据。在整个系统发育树的79个维管植物目中，有51个目发现了抗菌活性。大多数报告来自双子叶植物，其中大部分物种属于菊类植物。单子叶植物中的抗菌活性不突出。系统发育分布有力地支持了植物类群间化学进化的概念，尤其是在更进化的双子叶植物科中。唇形科、豆科和菊科是代表性最强的植物科，而[此处原文缺失具体物种名]、[此处原文缺失具体物种名]和[此处原文缺失具体物种名]是研究最多的物种。南非是植物采集的代表性最强的地点。甲醇粗提是最具代表性的提取类型，叶片是主要研究的植物组织。最后，[此处原文缺失具体病原菌名]是这些研究中最常针对的病原菌。我们仔细研究了文献中研究最多的15个科的70种著名药用植物。本综述描述了关于植物抗菌剂的当前知识状态，并为未来的研究方向提供了有力建议。
