Department of Clinical Psychological Science.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam.
Personal Disord. 2018 Jul;9(4):305-314. doi: 10.1037/per0000252. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
This study assesses the relationship between psychopathy and dominance, both as a trait level and in 2 interpersonal contexts. Following the interpersonal circumplex model, we expected that interacting with a dominant interviewer would reduce dominance displays by low psychopathy participants (interpersonal complementarity) but might increase such displays in those with higher psychopathy (anticomplementarity). Psychopathic traits and dominance were assessed in a community sample (N = 91) using multiple dominance indicators: self-reported overall dominance level, job preference, dominance displays observed during identical interviews with a subordinate and dominant interviewer, and baseline and postinterview measures of personal space and testosterone level. Psychopathic traits were positively related to dominance on both trait measures and in the interviews. As a trait, higher self-reported psychopathy scores were associated with higher levels of self-reported dominance and preference for supervisory job positions. Higher Factor 1 psychopathy scores were associated with increased dominance display in interaction with the dominant interviewer. Higher Factor 2 scores were associated with allowing the dominant interviewer to approach more closely (reduced physical distancing). Psychopathy was partly related to a delayed increase in testosterone levels after interaction. Psychopathic traits may include a general tendency to dominate, a tendency which increases when interacting with a dominant other. The emotional/interpersonal psychopathy factor is specifically related to increased dominance displays when interacting with a dominant individual, while the behavioral factor of psychopathy is related to reduced physical distancing of a dominant partner. At higher psychopathy levels the general rule of dominant-subordinate reciprocity during social interaction is reversed. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究评估了精神病态和支配地位之间的关系，既包括特质水平，也包括两种人际情境。根据人际双元模型，我们预计与支配性访谈者互动会降低低精神病态参与者的支配性表现（人际互补性），但可能会增加那些具有较高精神病态的参与者的支配性表现（反互补性）。使用多种支配指标评估了社区样本中的精神病态特质和支配地位（N=91）：自我报告的整体支配水平、工作偏好、与下属和支配性访谈者进行相同访谈时观察到的支配性表现、以及个人空间和睾酮水平的基线和访谈后测量。精神病态特质与特质测量和访谈中的支配性呈正相关。作为一种特质，较高的自我报告精神病态得分与较高的自我报告支配水平和对监督工作岗位的偏好相关。较高的因素 1 精神病态得分与与支配性访谈者互动时的支配性表现增加相关。较高的因素 2 得分与允许支配性访谈者更接近（减少身体距离）相关。精神病态与互动后睾酮水平的延迟增加部分相关。精神病态特质可能包括一种普遍的支配倾向，当与支配性他人互动时，这种倾向会增加。情感/人际精神病态因素与与支配性个体互动时的支配性表现增加特别相关，而精神病态的行为因素与支配性伴侣的身体距离减少有关。在较高的精神病态水平下，社交互动中支配-从属互惠的一般规则被颠倒。
