心房颤动症状与性别、种族及心理困扰：文献综述
Atrial Fibrillation Symptoms and Sex, Race, and Psychological Distress: A Literature Review.
作者信息
Gleason Kelly T, Nazarian Saman, Dennison Himmelfarb Cheryl R
机构信息
Kelly T. Gleason, RN, BSN Doctoral Candidate, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Saman Nazarian, MD, PhD Associate Professor, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. Cheryl R. Dennison Himmelfarb, RN, ANP, PhD, FAHA, FPCNA, FAAN Professor, Schools of Nursing and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
出版信息
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2018 Mar/Apr;33(2):137-143. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000421.
BACKGROUND
Atrial fibrillation (AF) symptoms are a major component of treatment decisions for patients with AF and impact quality of life and functional ability yet are poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to determine what is known about the prevalence of symptoms and the association of symptoms to AF characteristics, psychological distress, sex, and race.
METHODS
We performed a structured review of AF symptoms as of March 2016 using PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL and reference searches of retrieved articles. Full-text, published, peer-reviewed, English-language articles were examined. Articles were included if they reported original research data on symptom prevalence and type among patients with AF.
RESULTS
The 3 most common symptoms were dyspnea, palpitations, and fatigue. The results suggested that, although AF characteristics are not a significant predictor of symptoms, tachycardia, female sex, race, and psychological distress have a positive association to symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a scarcity of research examining symptoms in AF. Furthermore, the inconsistency in measurement methods and the failure to include diverse populations in AF research make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions from the current literature. Given the prevalence of AF in the United States and the impact of symptoms on quality of life and healthcare use, further research examining predictors of symptoms and interventions to alleviate symptoms is crucial.
背景
房颤（AF）症状是房颤患者治疗决策的主要组成部分，影响生活质量和功能能力，但目前对此了解甚少。
目的
本综述旨在确定关于症状患病率以及症状与房颤特征、心理困扰、性别和种族之间关联的已知情况。
方法
我们于2016年3月使用PubMed、EMBASE和CINAHL对房颤症状进行了结构化综述，并对检索到的文章进行参考文献检索。审查了全文发表、经过同行评审的英文文章。如果文章报告了房颤患者症状患病率和类型的原始研究数据，则将其纳入。
结果
最常见的三种症状是呼吸困难、心悸和疲劳。结果表明，虽然房颤特征不是症状的重要预测因素，但心动过速、女性、种族和心理困扰与症状呈正相关。
结论
关于房颤症状的研究较少。此外，测量方法的不一致以及房颤研究中未纳入不同人群，使得难以从当前文献中得出明确结论。鉴于房颤在美国的患病率以及症状对生活质量和医疗保健使用的影响，进一步研究症状的预测因素和缓解症状的干预措施至关重要。
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