Medina Melissa S, Castleberry Ashley N, Persky Adam M
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy, Little Rock, Arkansas.
Am J Pharm Educ. 2017 May;81(4):78. doi: 10.5688/ajpe81478.
Metacognition is an essential skill in critical thinking and self-regulated, lifelong learning. It is important for learners to have skills in metacognition because they are used to monitor and regulate reasoning, comprehension, and problem-solving, which are fundamental components/outcomes of pharmacy curricula. Instructors can help learners develop metacognitive skills within the classroom and experiential setting by carefully designing learning activities within courses and the curriculum. These skills are developed through intentional questioning, modeling techniques, and reflection. This article discusses key background literature on metacognition and identifies specific methods and strategies to develop learners' metacognitive skills in both the classroom and experiential settings.
元认知是批判性思维以及自我调节的终身学习中的一项重要技能。对于学习者而言，具备元认知技能很重要，因为这些技能用于监控和调节推理、理解及解决问题的能力，而这些能力是药学课程的基本组成部分/成果。教师可以通过精心设计课程和课程体系内的学习活动，帮助学习者在课堂和实践环境中培养元认知技能。这些技能通过有目的的提问、示范技巧和反思来培养。本文讨论了关于元认知的关键背景文献，并确定了在课堂和实践环境中培养学习者元认知技能的具体方法和策略。
