Çoban İlkcan, Toplan Gizem Gülsoy, Özbek Berna, Gürer Çağlayan Unsal, Sarıyar Günay
a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey.
b Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey.
Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec;55(1):1894-1898. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1340964.
Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae) corn poppy, widely distributed in Turkey, is used to make a cough syrup for children, as a tea for disturbed sleep, for pain relief and as a sedative in folk medicine.
Samples of P. rhoeas collected from eight different locations in Turkey and three from northern Cyprus were investigated for their alkaloid content and screened for their antimicrobial activities.
From the aerial parts of P. rhoeas samples, alkaloids were isolated by column and preparative thin-layer chromatography. The alkaloids were identified by comparing their spectral data (UV, IR and H-NMR) and TLC Rf values with those of authentic samples. The antimicrobial study was carried out by microbroth dilution technique against six strains of bacteria and three strains of fungi.
Twelve different alkaloids belonging to proaporphine (mecambrine), aporphine (roemerine), promorphinan (salutaridine), protopine (coulteropine and protopine) and rhoeadine (epiglaucamine, glaucamine, glaudine, isorhoeadine, isorhoeagenine, rhoeadine and rhoeagenine) groups were isolated. The most significant activity was observed with the alkaloid extract of P8 against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 1.22 μg/mL and against Candida albicans with a MIC value of 2.4 μg/mL.
The results indicate that P. rhoeas samples (P8 and P9), which contain roemerine as their major alkaloid, were the most active extracts.
虞美人（罂粟科），在土耳其广泛分布，在民间医学中被用于制作儿童止咳糖浆、治疗失眠的茶饮、缓解疼痛以及作为镇静剂。
对从土耳其八个不同地点以及北塞浦路斯三个地点采集的虞美人样本进行生物碱含量调查，并筛选其抗菌活性。
从虞美人样本的地上部分，通过柱色谱和制备薄层色谱分离生物碱。通过将其光谱数据（紫外、红外和氢核磁共振）以及薄层色谱比移值与标准样品进行比较来鉴定生物碱。抗菌研究采用微量肉汤稀释技术针对六种细菌菌株和三种真菌菌株进行。
分离出了属于原阿朴啡碱（美坎布林）、阿朴啡碱（罗默碱）、前吗啡烷（水苏碱）、原托品碱（库尔特罗平与原托品碱）以及丽春花碱（表青藤碱、青藤碱、格劳定、异丽春花碱、异丽春花宁、丽春花碱和丽春花宁）组的十二种不同生物碱。观察到P8生物碱提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度值为1.22μg/mL，对白色念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度值为2.4μg/mL，具有最显著的活性。
结果表明，以罗默碱作为主要生物碱的虞美人样本（P8和P9）是活性最强的提取物。
