Kuroda Toshikazu, Mizutani Yuto, Cançado Carlos R X, Podlesnik Christopher A
Aichi Bunkyo University, 5969-3 Okusa, Komaki, Aichi, 485-8565, Japan.
Aichi Gakuin University, 12 Araike Iwasaki, Nisshin, Aichi, 470-0195, Japan.
Behav Processes. 2017 Sep;142:79-83. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
Zebrafish are used extensively as vertebrate animal models in biomedical research for having such features as a fully sequenced genome and transparent embryo. Yet, operant-conditioning studies with this species are scarce. The present study investigated reversal learning and resurgence of operant behavior in zebrafish. A target response (approaching a sensor) was reinforced in Phase 1. In Phase 2, the target response was extinguished while reinforcing an alternative response (approaching a different sensor). In Phase 3, extinction was in effect for the target and alternative responses. Reversal learning was demonstrated when responding tracked contingency changes between Phases 1 and 2. Moreover, resurgence occurred in 10 of 13 fish in Phase 3: Target response rates increased transiently and exceeded rates of an unreinforced control response. The present study provides the first evidence with zebrafish supporting reversal learning between discrete operant responses and a laboratory model of relapse. These findings open the possibility to assessing genetic influences of operant behavior generally and in models of relapse (e.g., resurgence, renewal, reinstatement).
斑马鱼因其具有全基因组测序和透明胚胎等特征，在生物医学研究中被广泛用作脊椎动物模型。然而，针对该物种的操作性条件反射研究却很少。本研究调查了斑马鱼操作性行为的逆向学习和恢复现象。在第一阶段强化一个目标反应（接近一个传感器）。在第二阶段，目标反应被消退，同时强化一个替代反应（接近另一个不同的传感器）。在第三阶段，目标反应和替代反应均处于消退状态。当反应追踪到第一阶段和第二阶段之间的偶然性变化时，即证明了逆向学习。此外，在第三阶段，13条鱼中有10条出现了恢复现象：目标反应率短暂上升，并超过了未强化的对照反应率。本研究首次提供了斑马鱼支持离散操作性反应之间的逆向学习及复发实验室模型的证据。这些发现为评估操作性行为的遗传影响以及复发模型（如恢复、更新、复吸）中的遗传影响开辟了可能性。
