日本外科医生性别差异分析：日本外科学会开展的一项调查结果。第1部分：工作方式。
Analysis of gender-based differences among surgeons in Japan: results of a survey conducted by the Japan Surgical Society. Part 1: Working style.
作者信息
Kawase Kazumi, Nomura Kyoko, Tominaga Ryuji, Iwase Hirotaka, Ogawa Tomoko, Shibasaki Ikuko, Shimada Mitsuo, Taguchi Tomoaki, Takeshita Emiko, Tomizawa Yasuko, Nomura Sachiyo, Hanazaki Kazuhiro, Hanashi Tomoko, Yamashita Hiroko, Kokudo Norihiro, Maeda Kotaro
机构信息
Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine Katsushika Medical Center, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8506, Japan.
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-8606, Japan.
出版信息
Surg Today. 2018 Jan;48(1):33-43. doi: 10.1007/s00595-017-1556-0. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
PURPOSE
To assess the working styles of men and women working as surgeons in Japan.
METHODS
In July, 2014, the Japan Surgical Society invited all their members (n = 29,861), through an internet campaign, to participate in a nationwide survey of surgeons. The items investigated in this descriptive study included demographic information and working styles, based on a questionnaire.
RESULTS
In total, 6211 surgeons participated (response rate 20.8%, 5586 men and 625 women). The largest age stratum was 40-49 years for men and 30-39 years for women. Overall, respondents identified their labor contract, including salary and work hours, as the highest priority for improvement. Women with children were more likely to be part-time employees, work fewer hours, and take fewer house calls/on-calls than their male counterparts. Moreover, women of all ages earned a lower annual income than men, irrespective of whether they had children. Perception scores for discrimination related to work and promotion were significantly higher among women than men (p < 0.01 and p = 0.011, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
A significant difference in working style was observed between men and women working as surgeons in Japan.
目的
评估日本外科医生中男性和女性的工作方式。
方法
2014年7月，日本外科学会通过网络活动邀请其所有成员（n = 29,861）参与一项全国性的外科医生调查。这项描述性研究中调查的项目包括基于问卷的人口统计学信息和工作方式。
结果
共有6211名外科医生参与（回复率20.8%，男性5586名，女性625名）。男性最大年龄层为40 - 49岁，女性为30 - 39岁。总体而言，受访者认为他们的劳动合同，包括薪资和工作时长，是最需要改进的方面。有孩子的女性比男性更有可能是兼职员工，工作时长更短，出诊/值班次数更少。此外，所有年龄段的女性年收入均低于男性，无论她们是否有孩子。女性在工作和晋升方面的歧视感知得分显著高于男性（分别为p < 0.01和p = 0.011）。
结论
在日本，从事外科医生工作的男性和女性在工作方式上存在显著差异。
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