外科培训与实践中基于性别的歧视认知
Perceptions of gender-based discrimination during surgical training and practice.
作者信息
Bruce Adrienne N, Battista Alexis, Plankey Michael W, Johnson Lynt B, Marshall M Blair
机构信息
School of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA;
MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA.
出版信息
Med Educ Online. 2015 Feb 3;20:25923. doi: 10.3402/meo.v20.25923. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
Women represent 15% of practicing general surgeons. Gender-based discrimination has been implicated as discouraging women from surgery. We sought to determine women's perceptions of gender-based discrimination in the surgical training and working environment.
METHODS
Following IRB approval, we fielded a pilot survey measuring perceptions and impact of gender-based discrimination in medical school, residency training, and surgical practice. It was sent electronically to 1,065 individual members of the Association of Women Surgeons.
RESULTS
We received 334 responses from medical students, residents, and practicing physicians with a response rate of 31%. Eighty-seven percent experienced gender-based discrimination in medical school, 88% in residency, and 91% in practice. Perceived sources of gender-based discrimination included superiors, physician peers, clinical support staff, and patients, with 40% emanating from women and 60% from men.
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of responses indicated perceived gender-based discrimination during medical school, residency, and practice. Gender-based discrimination comes from both sexes and has a significant impact on women surgeons.
背景
女性占执业普通外科医生的15%。基于性别的歧视被认为是阻碍女性从事外科手术的原因。我们试图确定女性对外科培训和工作环境中基于性别的歧视的看法。
方法
在获得机构审查委员会（IRB）批准后，我们进行了一项初步调查，以衡量医学院校、住院医师培训和外科实践中基于性别的歧视的看法和影响。该调查以电子方式发送给女性外科医生协会的1065名个人成员。
结果
我们收到了来自医学生、住院医师和执业医师的334份回复，回复率为31%。87%的人在医学院校经历过基于性别的歧视，88%的人在住院医师培训期间经历过，91%的人在实践中经历过。基于性别的歧视的感知来源包括上级、医生同行、临床支持人员和患者，其中40%来自女性，60%来自男性。
结论
大多数回复表明在医学院校、住院医师培训和实践期间存在基于性别的歧视。基于性别的歧视来自男女双方，对女外科医生有重大影响。
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