Mowery Todd M, Penikis Kristina B, Young Stephen K, Ferrer Christopher E, Kotak Vibhakar C, Sanes Dan H
Center for Neural Science, New York University, Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Center for Neural Science, New York University, Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Cell Rep. 2017 Jun 20;19(12):2462-2468. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.083.
Corticostriatal circuits play a fundamental role in regulating many behaviors, and their dysfunction is associated with many neurological disorders. In contrast, sensory disorders, like hearing loss (HL), are commonly linked with processing deficits at or below the level of the auditory cortex (ACx). However, HL can be accompanied by non-sensory deficits, such as learning delays, suggesting the involvement of regions downstream of ACx. Here, we show that transient developmental HL differentially affected the ACx and its downstream target, the sensory striatum. Following HL, both juvenile ACx layer 5 and striatal neurons displayed an excitatory-inhibitory imbalance and lower firing rates. After hearing was restored, adult ACx neurons recovered balanced excitatory-inhibitory synaptic gain and control-like firing rates, but striatal neuron synapses and firing properties did not recover. Thus, a brief period of abnormal cortical activity may induce cellular impairments that persist into adulthood and contribute to neurological disorders that are striatal in origin.
皮质纹状体回路在调节多种行为中起着基础性作用，其功能障碍与许多神经疾病相关。相比之下，感觉障碍，如听力损失（HL），通常与听觉皮层（ACx）及以下水平的处理缺陷有关。然而，HL可能伴有非感觉缺陷，如学习延迟，这表明ACx下游区域也参与其中。在这里，我们表明短暂的发育性HL对ACx及其下游靶点感觉纹状体产生了不同的影响。HL后，幼年ACx第5层和纹状体神经元均表现出兴奋 - 抑制失衡和较低的放电率。听力恢复后，成年ACx神经元恢复了平衡的兴奋 - 抑制突触增益和类似对照的放电率，但纹状体神经元突触和放电特性并未恢复。因此，一段短暂的异常皮层活动可能会诱导持续到成年期的细胞损伤，并导致起源于纹状体的神经疾病。
