Villiger P M
Universitätsklinik für Rheumatologie, Immunologie und Allergologie, Inselspital und Universität, 3010, Bern, Schweiz.
Z Rheumatol. 2017 Aug;76(6):509-523. doi: 10.1007/s00393-017-0331-3.
According to the Chapel Hill Classification, large vessel vasculitides encompass giant cell arteritis (GCA) and the histologically related Takakaysu arteritis (TAK). The two diseases lack autoantibodies and present with a systemic inflammatory response. GCA typically shows a sudden onset with profound sickness, loss of appetite and of body weight, and temporal headache. Due to the substantial risk of sudden blindness, diagnostic work-up has to be performed immediately and treatment started without delay. A close association between polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and GCA is well established. Takayasu arteritis very often begins in adolescence. In contrast to GCA, the general symptoms are much less pronounced and aside from occasional carotidodynia there is a lack of diagnostic symptoms. TAK is often diagnosed in late stages due to exercise-induced claudication.
根据 Chapel Hill 分类法，大血管血管炎包括巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）和组织学相关的高安动脉炎（TAK）。这两种疾病缺乏自身抗体，并表现出全身炎症反应。GCA 通常起病突然，伴有严重不适、食欲不振和体重减轻，以及颞部头痛。由于存在突然失明的重大风险，必须立即进行诊断检查并毫不延迟地开始治疗。风湿性多肌痛（PMR）与 GCA 之间的密切关联已得到充分证实。高安动脉炎通常始于青春期。与 GCA 不同，其一般症状不那么明显，除了偶尔的颈动脉疼痛外，缺乏诊断性症状。TAK 常因运动诱发的跛行在晚期才被诊断出来。
