School of Nursing, California State University, 800 North State College Blvd, Fullerton, CA, 92831, USA.
School of Allied Health Professions, Loma Linda University, 24951 North Circle Drive, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018 Apr;5(2):439-448. doi: 10.1007/s40615-017-0387-4. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
Vitamin D deficiency is more common in Blacks, yet Blacks have lower prevalence of bone fragility fractures or osteoporosis than Whites. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) has been used to explore the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and bone quality in White and non-white populations. We investigated serum 25(OH)D status with corresponding BUA measurements assessed cross sectionally in a cohort of 232 Blacks and 260 Whites, aged 30-95 years who were part of the calibration study of the large Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2). At the calibration clinics, calcaneal BUA was measured and blood drawn for serum 25(OH)D assessment. In multivariable analyses, BUA was negatively associated with age (β-coefficient = -0.38; p < 0.0001) and positively associated with body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.0001) and positively, but non-significantly, associated with serum 25(OH)D levels. Also, as expected, females had lower BUA (β-coefficient = -5.19; p < 0.05) and Blacks had higher BUA (β-coefficient = 4.26; p < 0.05). Gender and race modified the relationship of serum 25(OH)D on BUA with a positive association in males (p ≤ 0.05), but no significant association in females after also controlling for menopausal status and hormone therapy. After also controlling for serum 25(OH)D levels, Black males had higher BUA than White men, but such differences were not found among the females. When stratifying on race, a positive association between serum 25(OH)D levels and BUA (p ≤ 0.05) was found in Blacks, but not among Whites. Further studies are needed to understand how racial/ethnic differences in serum 25(OH)D levels influence bone health.
维生素 D 缺乏在黑人群体中更为常见，但黑人群体的脆性骨折或骨质疏松症患病率却低于白人群体。宽带超声衰减（BUA）已被用于探索白人和非白人群体中血清 25（OH）D 水平与骨质量之间的关系。我们在一个由 232 名黑人和 260 名白人组成的队列中进行了横断面研究，这些人年龄在 30-95 岁之间，是大型 Adventist Health Study-2（AHS-2）校准研究的一部分，研究了血清 25（OH）D 状态，并相应地测量了跟骨 BUA。在校准诊所，测量了跟骨 BUA 并采集了血液以评估血清 25（OH）D。在多变量分析中，BUA 与年龄呈负相关（β 系数= -0.38；p < 0.0001），与体重指数（BMI）呈正相关（p < 0.0001），与血清 25（OH）D 水平呈正相关，但无统计学意义。此外，正如预期的那样，女性的 BUA 较低（β 系数= -5.19；p < 0.05），而黑人的 BUA 较高（β 系数= 4.26；p < 0.05）。性别和种族改变了血清 25（OH）D 与 BUA 的关系，在男性中呈正相关（p ≤ 0.05），但在女性中，在控制了绝经状态和激素治疗后，没有显著的相关性。在控制了血清 25（OH）D 水平后，黑人男性的 BUA 高于白人男性，但在女性中没有发现这种差异。按种族分层时，发现黑人血清 25（OH）D 水平与 BUA 之间呈正相关（p ≤ 0.05），而白人则没有。需要进一步的研究来了解血清 25（OH）D 水平的种族/民族差异如何影响骨骼健康。
