Lee Sewon, Lee Kiyoung
Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 88026, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Jun 22;14(7):672. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14070672.
Time location patterns are a significant factor for exposure assessment models of air pollutants. Factors associated with time location patterns in urban populations are typically due to high air pollution levels in urban areas. The objective of this study was to determine the seasonal differences in time location patterns in two urban cities. A Time Use Survey of Korean Statistics (KOSTAT) was conducted in the summer, fall, and winter of 2014. Time location data from Seoul and Busan were collected, together with demographic information obtained by diaries and questionnaires. Determinants of the time spent at each location were analyzed by multiple linear regression and the stepwise method. Seoul and Busan participants had similar time location profiles over the three seasons. The time spent at own home, other locations, workplace/school and during walk were similar over the three seasons in both the Seoul and Busan participants. The most significant time location pattern factors were employment status, age, gender, monthly income, and spouse. Season affected the time spent at the workplace/school and other locations in the Seoul participants, but not in the Busan participants. The seasons affected each time location pattern of the urban population slightly differently, but overall there were few differences.
时间地点模式是空气污染物暴露评估模型的一个重要因素。城市人口中与时间地点模式相关的因素通常是由于城市地区空气污染水平较高。本研究的目的是确定两个城市在时间地点模式上的季节差异。2014年夏季、秋季和冬季开展了韩国统计局（KOSTAT）的时间使用调查。收集了来自首尔和釜山的时间地点数据，以及通过日记和问卷获得的人口统计信息。采用多元线性回归和逐步法分析了在每个地点所花费时间的决定因素。首尔和釜山的参与者在三个季节中的时间地点概况相似。首尔和釜山的参与者在三个季节中在自己家中、其他地点、工作场所/学校以及步行期间所花费的时间相似。最显著的时间地点模式因素是就业状况、年龄、性别、月收入和配偶。季节影响了首尔参与者在工作场所/学校和其他地点所花费的时间，但对釜山参与者没有影响。季节对城市人口的每种时间地点模式的影响略有不同，但总体差异不大。
