Ninowski Jerilyn E, Mash Eric J, Benzies Karen M
University of Calgary.
Infant Ment Health J. 2007 Jan;28(1):54-75. doi: 10.1002/imhj.20122.
The relationship between maternal symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and parenting cognitions and behaviors was studied in 86 first-time expectant women. Women high on ADHD symptoms were less likely to be married, less likely to have obtained at least some university education, and less likely to report that they wanted to get pregnant at the time they became pregnant. As predicted, ADHD symptoms were positively correlated with symptoms of anxiety and depression, and predicted less positive prenatal expectations regarding the infant and the future maternal role and lower maternal self-efficacy. Contrary to predictions, ADHD did not predict any incremental variance in maternal stressful life events or social support. Symptoms of ADHD were negatively correlated with attendance at recommended prenatal checkups, but were unrelated to other behaviors during pregnancy. Findings suggest that even prior to any contact with their infant, women with ADHD symptoms have maladaptive cognitions regarding their expectations of motherhood and parenting abilities. As a result, they may benefit from early interventions that focus on attenuating the potential negative effects that these maladaptive cognitions might have on the mother-infant relationship and later developmental outcomes for their children.
对86名初产妇的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）母亲症状与育儿认知及行为之间的关系进行了研究。ADHD症状严重的女性结婚的可能性较小，获得至少一些大学教育的可能性较小，并且不太可能报告在怀孕时想要怀孕。正如预期的那样，ADHD症状与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关，并且预测对婴儿和未来母亲角色的产前期望较低，母亲自我效能感也较低。与预测相反，ADHD并未预测母亲压力性生活事件或社会支持的任何额外差异。ADHD症状与参加推荐的产前检查呈负相关，但与孕期的其他行为无关。研究结果表明，即使在与婴儿接触之前，有ADHD症状的女性对母亲身份和育儿能力的期望也存在适应不良的认知。因此，她们可能会从早期干预中受益，这些干预措施侧重于减轻这些适应不良认知可能对母婴关系以及孩子后期发育结果产生的潜在负面影响。
