Leerkes Esther M, Crockenberg Susan C
University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
University of Vermont.
Infant Ment Health J. 2006 Jul;27(4):405-428. doi: 10.1002/imhj.20099.
The antecedents of mothers' emotional and cognitive responses to infant distress were examined. Participants were 67 mothers and their infants. Mothers completed questionnaires assessing their experiences in the family of origin and current marital relationships both pre- and postnatally and their coping strategies prenatally. Infant temperament was observed at 6 months, and mothers were interviewed about their emotional and cognitive responses to infant distress 2 years later to assess their emotional competencies (i.e., accurate identification of negative emotions, emotion efficacy, emotional responses to infant distress, and emotion goals). A childhood history of emotional rejection was negatively associated with empathy and efficacy and positively associated with negative emotions. The association between childhood history and some emotional competencies was moderated by current marital dysfunction, engaged coping, and positive intervening relationships. Maternal marital styles and coping strategies and infant temperament correlated with emotional competencies. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed from an attachment theory perspective.
研究了母亲对婴儿痛苦的情绪和认知反应的前因。参与者为67位母亲及其婴儿。母亲们在产前和产后分别完成了评估她们在原生家庭的经历、当前婚姻关系以及产前应对策略的问卷。在婴儿6个月大时观察其气质，两年后对母亲进行访谈，了解她们对婴儿痛苦的情绪和认知反应，以评估她们的情绪能力（即对负面情绪的准确识别、情绪效能、对婴儿痛苦的情绪反应以及情绪目标）。童年时期情感被拒的经历与同理心和效能呈负相关，与负面情绪呈正相关。童年经历与某些情绪能力之间的关联受到当前婚姻功能障碍、积极应对方式和积极干预关系的调节。母亲的婚姻风格、应对策略和婴儿气质与情绪能力相关。从依恋理论的角度讨论了理论和临床意义。
